Unlocking mixed oxides with unprecedented stoichiometries from heterometallic metalorganic frameworks for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO 2

[EN] Their complex surface chemistry and high oxygen lattice mobilities place mixed-metal oxides among the most important families of materials. Modulation of stoichiometry in mixed-metal oxides has been shown to be a very powerful tool for tuning optical and catalytic properties. However, accessing different stoichiometries is not always synthetically possible. Here, we show that the thermal decomposition of the recently reported metal-organic framework MUV-101(Fe, Ti) results in the formation of carbon-supported titanomaghemite nanoparticles with an unprecedented Fe/Ti ratio close to 2, not achievable by soft-chemistry routes. The resulting titanomaghemite phase displays outstanding catal…

PBI mixed matrix hollow fiber membrane: Influence of ZIF-8 filler over H2/CO2 separation performance at high temperature and pressure

High performance and commercially attractive mixed-matrix membranes were developed for H2/CO2 separation via a scalable hollow fiber spinning process. Thin (~300 nm) and defect-free selective layers were successfully created with a uniform distribution of the nanosized (~60 nm) zeolitic-imidazole framework (ZIF-8) filler within the polymer (polybenzimidazole, PBI) matrix. These membranes were able to operate at high temperature (150 °C) and pressure (up to 30 bar) process conditions required in treatment of pre-combustion and syngas process gas streams. Compared with neat PBI hollow fibers, filler incorporation into the polymer matrix leads to a strong increase in H2 permeance from 65 GPU t…

Cation influence in adsorptive propane/propylene separation in ZIF-8 (SOD) topology

Separation of propylene/propane is one of the most challenging and energy consuming processes in the chemical industry. Propylene demand is increasing and a 99.5% purity is required for industrial purposes. Adsorption based solutions are the most promising alternatives to improve the economical/energetic efficiency of the process. Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) combine the desired characteristics from both MOFs and zeolites: tunability and flexibility from metal organic frameworks, and exceptional thermal and chemical stability from zeolites. In order to enlighten the role of the cation in the sodalite ZIF-8 framework for propane/propylene separation, dynamic breakthrough measuremen…

The oxamate route, a versatile post-functionalization for metal incorporation in MIL-101(Cr): Catalytic applications of Cu, Pd, and Au

Abstract A new consecutive post-functionalization method has been developed for the inclusion of additional metal functionalities in Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) through oxamate as chelating agent. This may result in catalytic centers of metal–organic complexes or in controlled formation of metal nanoparticles, demonstrated for Cu, Pd and Au, in the highly stable MIL-101(Cr) framework. In a first post-synthesis step, reduction of the NO 2 -MIL-101(Cr) leads to the formation of NH 2 -MIL-101(Cr). The second functionalization consists of a straightforward condensation of the amino groups of the ligand with ethyl chloro-oxoacetate resulting in the formation of free oxamates attached to the …

The MOF-driven synthesis of supported palladium clusters with catalytic activity for carbene-mediated chemistry

The development of catalysts able to assist industrially important chemical processes is a topic of high importance. In view of the catalytic capabilities of small metal clusters, research efforts are being focused on the synthesis of novel catalysts bearing such active sites. Here we report a heterogeneous catalyst consisting of Pd4 clusters with mixed-valence 0/+1 oxidation states, stabilized and homogeneously organized within the walls of a metal-organic framework (MOF). The resulting solid catalyst outperforms state-of-the-art metal catalysts in carbene-mediated reactions of diazoacetates, with high yields (>90%) and turnover numbers (up to 100,000). In addition, the MOF-supported Pd4 c…

Insights into the Dynamics of Grotthuss Mechanism in a Proton-Conducting Chiral bioMOF

Proton conduction in solids attracts great interest, not only because of possible applications in fuel cell technologies, but also because of the main role of this process in many biological mechanisms. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can exhibit exceptional proton-conduction performances, because of the large number of hydrogen-bonded water molecules embedded in their pores. However, further work remains to be done to elucidate the real conducting mechanism. Among the different MOF subfamilies, bioMOFs, which have been constructed using biomolecule derivatives as building blocks and often affording water-stable materials, emerge as valuable systems to study the transport mechanisms involve…

Fe-MOF Materials as Precursors for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Isobutane.

We investigate the use of a series of iron-based metal–organic frameworks as precursors for the manufacturing of isobutane dehydrogenation catalysts. Both the as-prepared and spent catalysts were characterized by PXRD, XPS, PDF, ICP-OES, and CHNS+O to determine the physicochemical properties of the materials and the active phases responsible for the catalytic activity. In contrast to the previous literature, our results indicate that (i) the formation of metallic Fe under reaction conditions results in secondary cracking and coke formation; (ii) the formation of iron carbide only contributes to coke formation; and (iii) the stabilization of the Fe2+ species is paramount to achieve sta…

Highly selective chemical sensing in a luminescent nanoporous magnet.

Among the wide variety of properties of interest that a given material can exhibit, luminescence is attracting an increasing attention due to its potential application in optical devices for lighting equipment and optical storage, [ 1a − c] optical switching, [ 1d ,e] and sensing. [ 1f − i ] At this respect, many scientists, working in the multidisciplinary fi eld of the materials science, have directed their efforts to the obtention of luminescent materials with potential sensing applications. For instance, sensitive and selective detection of gas and vapor phase analytes can result specially interesting because of the variety of applications that can be found in many different fi elds. A …

Postsynthetic Improvement of the Physical Properties in a Metal-Organic Framework through a Single Crystal to Single Crystal Transmetallation

As ingle crystal to single crystal transmetallation process takes place in the three-dimensional (3D) metal- organic framework (MOF) of formula Mg II 2{Mg II 4(Cu II 2- (Me3mpba)2)3}·45 H2 O( 1 ;M e 3mpba 4¢ = N,N'-2,4,6-trimethyl- 1,3-phenylenebis(oxamate)). After complete replacement of the Mg II ions within the coordination network and those hosted in the channels by either Co II or Ni II ions, 1 is transmetallated to yield two novel MOFs of formulae Co2 II {Co II 4(Cu II 2(Me3- mpba)2)3}·56 H2 O( 2 )a nd Ni2 II {Ni II 4(Cu II 2(Me3mpba)2)3}· 54 H2 O( 3). This unique postsynthetic metal substitution affords materials with higher structural stability leading to enhanced gas sorption and m…

Cover Picture: Solid-State Molecular Nanomagnet Inclusion into a Magnetic Metal-Organic Framework: Interplay of the Magnetic Properties (Chem. Eur. J. 2/2016)

Selective Gas and Vapor Sorption and Magnetic Sensing by an Isoreticular Mixed-Metal–Organic Framework

A novel isoreticular oxamato-based manganese(II)-copper(II) open metal-organic framework H(2)O@iso1 featuring a pillared square/octagonal layer structure with alternating open and closed octagonal pores has been rationally prepared. The open-framework topology is responsible for a large selectivity in the separation of small gas (CO(2) over CH(4)) and vapor molecules (CH(3)OH over CH(3)CN and CH(3)CH(2)OH). H(2)O@iso1 displays a long-range three-dimensional ferromagnetic ordering with a drastic variation of the critical temperature as a function of the guest molecule [T(C)2.0 K (CO(2)@iso1 and CH(4)@iso1) and T(C) = 6.5 (CH(3)OH@iso1) and 21.0 K (H(2)O@iso1)].

Solid-State Molecular Nanomagnet Inclusion into a Magnetic Metal-Organic Framework: Interplay of the Magnetic Properties.

Single-ion magnets (SIMs) are the smallest possible magnetic devices and are a controllable, bottom-up approach to nanoscale magnetism with potential applications in quantum computing and high-density information storage. In this work, we take advantage of the promising, but yet insufficiently explored, solid-state chemistry of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to report the single-crystal to single-crystal inclusion of such molecular nanomagnets within the pores of a magnetic MOF. The resulting host-guest supramolecular aggregate is used as a playground in the first in-depth study on the interplay between the internal magnetic field created by the long-range magnetic ordering of the structur…

Tuning the selectivity of light hydrocarbons in natural gas in a family of isoreticular MOFs

Purification of methane from other light hydrocarbons in natural gas is a topic of intense research due to its fundamental importance in the utilization of natural gas fields. Porous materials have emerged as excellent alternative platforms to conventional cryogenic methodologies to perform this task in a cost- and energy-efficient manner. Here we report a new family of isoreticular chiral MOFs, prepared from oxamidato ligands derived from natural amino acids L-alanine, L-valine and L-leucine, where, by increasing the length of the alkyl residue of the amino acid, the charge density of the MOF's channels can be tuned (1 > 2 > 3), decreasing the adsorption preference towards methane over lig…

Selective Gold Recovery and Catalysis in a Highly Flexible Methionine-Decorated Metal–Organic Framework

A novel chiral 3D bioMOF exhibiting functional channels with thio-alkyl chains derived from the natural amino acid l-methionine (1) has been rationally prepared. The well-known strong affinity of gold for sulfur derivatives, together with the extremely high flexibility of the thioether "arms" decorating the channels, account for a selective capture of gold(III) and gold(I) salts in the presence of other metal cations typically found in electronic wastes. The X-ray single-crystal structures of the different gold adsorbates Au(III)@1 and Au(I)@1 suggest that the selective metal capture occurs in a metal ion recognition process somehow mimicking what happens in biological systems and protein r…

CCDC 1451174: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1530550: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1432054: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1030505: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1530549: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1478222: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1030506: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1478221: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1030504: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1478223: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1414395: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1517224: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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CCDC 1517225: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

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