Antibodies for strain 2117-like vesiviruses (caliciviruses) in humans
The vesivirus strain 2117 has been identified as contaminant of bioreactors used for production of human drugs, due to possible contamination of the reagents used for cell cultivation. Using an ELISA assay, antibodies specific for 2117-like viruses were detected in 32/410 (7.8%) human sera, indicating exposure to these viruses.
Seroprevalence of Norovirus Genogroup IV Antibodies among Humans, Italy, 2010–2011
Antibodies specific to genogroup IV identified in human specimens suggest zoonotic exposure.