Bayesian modeling of the evolution of male height in 18th century Finland from incomplete data.

Abstract Data on army recruits’ height are frequently available and can be used to analyze the economics and welfare of the population in different periods of history. However, such data are not a random sample from the whole population at the time of interest, but instead is skewed since the short men were less likely to be recruited. In statistical terms this means that the data are left-truncated. Although truncation is well-understood in statistics a further complication is that the truncation threshold is not known, may vary from time to time, and auxiliary information on the threshold is not at our disposal. The advantage of the fully Bayesian approach presented here is that both the …

Jalkapalloa ja kuvataidetta : Pentti Veroma (1903-1979)

Pentti Veroma (b. Weckman) was born in Turku, the old capital of Finland in 1903. He has become known to the next generations especially in his home town as a painter. In his youth, he practiced athletics in Paavo Nurmi’s own sport club Turun Urheiluliitto (Turku Sports Union). Later Veroma started to play football in the team of Turun Urheiluliitto. In the early 1920s, the language question was a significant factor in the football, also in Turku. Pentti Veroma was in 1922 one of the founders of Turun Palloseura (Turku Football Club). Later one of the most prominent football clubs in Finland. The team of Turun Palloseura was recruited from the players of the Turun Riento and Turun Urheiluli…

Unequal poverty and equal industrialisation: Finnish wealth, 1750–1900

We present the first comprehensive, long-run estimates of Finnish wealth and its distribution from 1750 to 1900. Using wealth data from 17,279 probate inventories, we show that Finland was very unequal between 1750 and 1850; the top decile owned about 90% of total wealth. This means that Finland was more unequal than the much wealthier economies Britain, France and the US, which goes against the common assumption of richer economies being more unequal. Moreover, when industrialisation took off in Finland, inequality started a downward trajectory. High inequality 1750–1850 was bottom-driven, by a large share of the population owning nothing or close to nothing of value, while economic develo…

Inter arma silent revisores rationum : toisen maailmansodan aiheuttama taloudellinen rasitus Suomessa vuosina 1939-1952

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Experiencing and Encountering Impoverishment in Nineteenth-Century Finland

Abstract The nineteenth century in Finland was characterized by significant societal changes. Since 1809 a Grand Duchy of imperial Russia, Finland began to transform from an early modern society of estates to a modern civic society. The end of the nineteenth century was characterized by significant economic growth. Despite this general development, for many people this era signaled impoverishment and downward mobility that affected even the next generations. A fresh look at the economic threats on various societal layers is called for. In this theme issue we are concerned with socially varying dimensions of destitution, its manifestations, and the ways in which it was experienced and repell…