Localization of cytokeratin 10 mRNA in human epidermis using nonradioactive in situ hybridization as a routine method

Renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) - an important cause of the oligohydramnion-sequence

Renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) is a disorder characterized by neonatal renal failure and regular gross renal architecture, although the histological features of immature and shortened proximal tubules lead to neonatal death. The pathogenesis of this condition includes a congenital familial condition, a twin-twin transfusion syndrome, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor intake by the mother. The clinical picture shows an association with oligohydramnia, pulmonary hypoplasia, and skull ossification defects. In the present paper, we report the occurrence of RTD in three infants of a consanguinous couple and compared our data with those of the literature. Our data confirm that late s…

A phase I study of adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene transfer in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Mutations of the tumor suppressor gene p53 are the most common genetic alterations observed in human cancer. Loss of wild-type p53 function impairs cell cycle arrest as well as repair mechanisms involved in response to DNA damage. Further, apoptotic pathways as induced by radio- or chemotherapy are also abrogated. Gene transfer of wild-type p53 was shown to reverse these deficiencies and to induce apoptosis in vitro and in preclinical in vivo tumor models. A phase I dose escalation study of a single intratumoral injection of a replication-defective adenoviral expression vector encoding wild-type p53 was carried out in patients with incurable non-small cell lung cancer. All patients enrolled…

Steroid Receptor Expression in Endometria from Women Treated with Tamoxifen

Abstract Breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen (Tam) are at an increased risk for developing endometrial carcinomas, possibly due to the partial estrogenic effect of Tam on endometrial cells. Progestational therapy has not routinely been included in Tam regimens. It was our aim to determine the presence of estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) in normal and abnormal endometria from postmenopausal women with breast cancer who were treated with Tam. Standard immunohistochemical staining of ERs and PRs was performed on paraffin sections from formalin-fixed uterine curettings or hysterectomy specimens from 40 patients who had received 20–40 mg of Tam daily for a minimum…

Cytokeratin 8 immunostaining pattern and E-cadherin expression distinguish lobular from ductal breast carcinoma.

Immunohistochemistry using antibodies to cytokeratin 8 can serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for the differentiation of lobular from ductal carcinomas of the breast. In contrast with ductal carcinomas, which exhibit a peripheral-predominant immunostaining pattern, adjacent tumor cells “molding” to each other, lobular carcinomas exhibit a ring-like perinuclear immunostaining pattern, creating a “bag of marbles” appearance with neighboring tumor cells. This immunostaining pattern is stable even in the tumors that otherwise do not exhibit characteristic histomorphologic features (ie, solid or pleomorphic type of a lobular carcinoma) and tumors that mimic growth patterns characteristic of the…

A randomized trial comparing conventional cytology to liquid-based cytology and computer assistance.

Liquid-based cytology (LBC) has replaced conventional cytology (CC) for cervical cancer screening in some countries. However, it remains unclear whether LBC is superior to CC. A randomized controlled trial was conducted between August 2007 and March 2009 in Germany to compare LBC, alone and in combination with computer-assisted imaging technology (CAS), to CC in the detection of histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The main outcome measures were detection rates, relative sensitivities, positive predictive values (PPVs) and relative PPVs comparing LBC without and with CAS to CC. Primary histological outcome was CIN2 or higher. Included were 20,627 women particip…

Genetic Imbalances in Precursor Lesions of Endometrial Cancer Detected by Comparative Genomic Hybridization

Endometrial hyperplasia is regarded as a precursor lesion of endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the endometrium. The genetic events involved in the multistep process from normal endometrial glandular tissue to invasive endometrial carcinomas are primarily unknown. We chose endometrial hyperplasia as a model for identifying chromosomal aberrations occurring during carcinogenesis. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed on 47 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of endometrial hyperplasia using the microdissection technique to increase the number of tumor cells in the samples and reduce contamination from normal cells. CGH analysis revealed that 24 out of 47 (51%) samples ha…

Ovarian Endometrioid-like Yolk Sac Tumor Treated by Surgery Alone, with Recurrence at 12 Years

Abstract We describe the case of a stage Ia endometrioid-like yolk sac tumor (YST) of the ovary, which was originally misdiagnosed as a malignant struma ovarii and not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. After 12 years, a contralateral dermoid cyst was excised along with a small omental nodule of partially necrotic and calcified endometrioid-like YST. No tumor was detected in several other biopsy specimens, and a peritoneal lavage was negative for tumor cells. Since there was no evidence of remaining tumor and the serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level was normal after the second operation, the patient was followed. Serial serum AFP levels remained normal for 4 months. At a second-look laparotomy …

Adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene transfer in patients receiving chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: results of a multicenter phase II study.

PURPOSE: To study the additional benefit from adenoviral p53 gene therapy in patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy for advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with nonresectable NSCLC were enrolled in an open-label, multicenter phase II study of three cycles of regimen A, carboplatin (area under the curve, 6; day 1) plus paclitaxel (175 mg/m2, day 1), or regimen B, cisplatin (100 mg/m2, day 1) plus vinorelbine (25 mg/m2, days 1, 8, 15, and 22) in combination with intratumoral injection of 7.5 × 1012 particles of SCH 58500 (rAd/p53, day 1). Responses of individual tumor lesions were assessed after each cycle, and gene transfer was examin…

Does tamoxifen change oestrogen and progesterone receptor expression in the endometrium and breast?

We studied the expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) in postmenopausal women receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer. In addition the literature addressing the question of ER and PR expression in breast tissue during treatment with tamoxifen was reviewed. We demonstrated consistent expression of ER and PR in endometria from patients receiving tamoxifen, with a trend towards a higher proportion of receptor positive specimens during tamoxifen. In breast cancer tissue, the ER content seemed to be reduced following tamoxifen treatment. After short time exposure to tamoxifen, the PR appeared to be increased, longer treatment caused the PR to go down to pretreatment levels or …

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with struma and benign Brenner tumor: a case report with immunohistochemical characterization.

Inhibin-α, CD99, HEA125, PLAP, and chromogranin immunoreactivity in testicular neoplasms and the androgen insensitivity syndrome

We investigated 115 testicular and 3 epididymal tumors and 6 cases of the complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) for the expression of inhibin-alpha, CD99, HEA125, PLAP, and chromogranin, using monoclonal antibodies and standard immunhistochemical techniques. Ihibin-alpha was detected in the neoplastic cells in 27 of 27 primary Leydig cell tumors (LCTs), 1 of 1 metastatic LCT, 6 of 20 Sertoli cell tumors (SCTs), 4 of 5 juvenile granulosa cell tumors (GCTs), and 2 of 5 unclassified sex cord-stromal tumors (USCSTs). Except for 2 choriocarcinomas, the choriocarcinomatous component of 1 mixed germ cell tumor, and a small focus of inhibin-positive syncytiotrophoblast in 1 embryonal carci…