Psychopharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder in Latin American

Abstract Objective This study assessed the treatment preferences among Latin American psychiatrists for their bipolar disorder patients and if these preferences reflect the current guidelines. Methods We designed a survey comprised of 14 questions. All the questions were aimed at the treatment of bipolar I patients only. We distributed the survey by hand or e-mail to psychiatrists in eight different countries: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela. Between May 2008 and June 2009, we were able to gather 1143 surveys. Results As the initial choice of treatment for a bipolar patient who debuts with mania, 61.3% choose a combination of an atypical antipsyc…

Epiphytic bryophytes in harsh environments: theJuniperus thuriferaforests

SUMMARY The forests of Juniperus thurifera are peculiar ecosystems that typically grow on mountains and highplateaux of the western Mediterranean basin with dry and continental climates. Some previous surveys suggested that these forests house a rather distinctive epiphytic bryophyte flora. Epiphytic bryophyte communities were systematically sampled in 19 representative juniper forests, for the first time spanning all the distribution area of this conifer. The flora consists of 44 species (32 acrocarpous mosses, 10 pleurocarpous mosses and 2 liverworts). Orthotrichum species are the most frequent and abundant in most of the sampled localities, including some uncommon taxa such as Orthotrich…

New national and regional bryophyte records, 63

Erkul, Karaman ( Aksaray, Yazar )

Orthotrichum pilosissimum (Orthotrichaceae), a new moss from arid areas of Nevada with unique axillary hairs

Abstract Orthotrichum pilosissimum is described from herbarium material and recently collected specimens in the state of Nevada. Its specific epithet refers to the diagnostic hyper-developed axillary hairs, which are frequently longer than 1 mm, multiseriate and branched, covering most of the stems surface and sometimes protruding from the foliose shoots. These hairs are not only unique in the genus but also among mosses, providing a reliable diagnostic character for the new taxon. Additional gametophytic and sporophytic characters that contribute to its taxonomic delimitation are also given.

On the priority ofOrthotrichum cylindrocarpumoverO. coulteriand Lesquereux's early vindication of an autonomous American bryology

A new look atOrthotrichum scanicumGrönvall (Orthotrichaceae, Bryophyta)

Abstract Orthotrichum scanicum Gronvall has been considered a European endemic whose main range corresponded to the central and northern region of the continent, and it is currently included in the 2007 IUCN World Red List as Vulnerable. However, a large number of recent reports and the examination of herbarium specimens have remarkably expanded the limits of its area in the Mediterranean and Caucasian regions. Additionally, the revision of the original collections of Orthotrichum holmenii from Kazakhstan shows that this taxon is conspecific with O. scanicum. An updated description of the species comprising the known range of its morphological variability is provided, and its exclusion from…

Lewinskya,a New Genus to Accommodate the Phaneroporous and Monoicous Taxa ofOrthotrichum(Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae)

Molecular analyses have consistently evidenced the phylogenetic heterogeneity of Orthotrichum Hedw., and suggested the need to segregate the species with superficial stomata in a separate genus. A recent proposal has been made to accommodate the monoicous species with such stomata in the genus Dorcadion Adans. ex Lindb., which is, however, an illegitimate name according to the current Code of nomenclature of algae, fungi and plants. Consequently a new name is required, and the generic name Lewinskya F.Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet is proposed. New combinations are made for all the species included in the new genus. Given the long history of the genus Orthotrichum and the similarities between t…

Orthotrichum Norrisii (Orthotrichaceae), A New Epiphytic Californian Moss

Abstract A new Orthotrichum species, O. norrisii, is described from California. The new taxon is recognized by a unique combination of sporophytic characters: capsule narrowly cylindrical and not contracted below mouth when dry, exothecial bands narrow and formed by 2(–3) cell rows, peristome with eight pairs of exostome teeth and eight endostome segments, stomata cryptopore and located in the lower part of the urn, lid plane and rostrate and vaginula hairy. Widely distributed throughout California, the new taxon has been overlooked and confused with O. tenellum.

Unnoticed diversity within the disjunct moss Orthotrichum tenellum s.l. validated by morphological and molecular approaches

Tratamiento psicofarmacológico del trastorno bipolar en América Latina

Objective: This study assessed the treatment preferences among Latin-American psychiatrists for their bipolar disorder patients and if these preferences reflect the current guidelines. Methods: We designed a survey comprised of fourteen questions. All the questions were aimed at the treatment of bipolar I patients only. We distributed the survey by hand or e-mail to psychiatrists in eight different countries: Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, México, Perú and Venezuela. Between May 2008 and June 2009, we were able to gather 1143 surveys. Results: As the initial choice of treatment for a bipolar patient who debuts with mania, 61.3% choose a combination of an atypical antipsyc…