0000000000184163

AUTHOR

James D. M. Speed

0000-0002-0633-5595

showing 4 related works from this author

Disjunct populations of European vascular plant species keep the same climatic niches

2015

Aim Previous research on how climatic niches vary across species ranges has focused on a limited number of species, mostly invasive, and has not, to date, been very conclusive. Here we assess the d ...

0106 biological sciencesVascular plantEcological nicheGlobal and Planetary Change010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEcologybiologyEcologyDisjunct distributionNiche segregation15. Life on landDisjunctbiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEnvironmental niche modellingArctic vegetationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGlobal biodiversityGlobal Ecology and Biogeography
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Developing common protocols to measure tundra herbivory across spatial scales

2021

Understanding and predicting large-scale ecological responses to global environmental change requires comparative studies across geographic scales with coordinated efforts and standardized methodologies. We designed, applied and assessed standardized protocols to measure tundra herbivory at three spatial scales: plot, site (habitat), and study area (landscape). The plot and site-level protocols were tested in the field during summers 2014-2015 at eleven sites, nine of them comprising warming experimental plots included in the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX). The study area protocols were assessed during 2014-2018 at 24 study areas across the Arctic. Our protocols provide comparable a…

0106 biological sciencestundra010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEnvironmental changehabitat01 natural sciencesEcological monitoringITEXHerbivory NetworkvertebrateInvertebrateGeneral Environmental ScienceherbivoryEnvironmental resource managementenvironmental changeInternational Tundra ExperimentPeer reviewcommunitiesCOMMUNITYSUMMERGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencessamplingwarmingconstraintMeasure (physics)herbivoreecological monitoring010603 evolutionary biologyENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGEscaleVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480arcticLife ScienceInternational Tundra Experiment (ITEX)Interactions Working Group (IWG)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesecosystemspatial scaleHerbivorebusiness.industryBusiness Manager projecten Midden-Noordglobal environmental changeCONSTRAINTSarealandscapeTundraspatialstandardized protocolGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental sciencebusinessBusiness Manager projects Mid-NorthVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480ecosystem responsesRESPONSESArctic Science
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Local temperatures inferred from plant communities suggest strong spatial buffering of climate warming across Northern Europe

2013

Recent studies from mountainous areas of small spatial extent (2500 km(2) ) suggest that fine-grained thermal variability over tens or hundreds of metres exceeds much of the climate warming expected for the coming decades. Such variability in temperature provides buffering to mitigate climate-change impacts. Is this local spatial buffering restricted to topographically complex terrains? To answer this, we here study fine-grained thermal variability across a 2500-km wide latitudinal gradient in Northern Europe encompassing a large array of topographic complexities. We first combined plant community data, Ellenberg temperature indicator values, locally measured temperatures (LmT) and globally…

0106 biological sciences010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesClimate ChangeClimate changeMetapopulation010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEnvironmental ChemistryPlant Physiological Phenomena0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceGlobal and Planetary ChangeEcologyGeographyGlobal warmingTemperaturePlant communityBiota15. Life on landModels TheoreticalBiotaSpatial heterogeneityEurope13. Climate actionClimatologySpatial ecologySpatial extent
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Spatiotemporal monitoring of the rare northern dragonhead (Dracocephalum ruyschiana, Lamiaceae) — SNP genotyping and environmental niche modeling her…

2022

The species we have studied the spatiotemporal genetic change in the northern dragonhead, a plant species that has experienced a drastic population decline and habitat loss in Europe. We have added a temporal perspective to the monitoring of northern dragonhead in Norway by genotyping herbarium specimens up to 200 years old. We have also assessed whether northern dragonhead has achieved its potential distribution in Norway. To obtain the genotype data from 130 herbarium specimens collected from 1820 to 2008, mainly from Norway (83) but also beyond (47), we applied a microfluidic array consisting of 96 SNP markers. To assess temporal genetic change, we compared our new genotype data with exi…

EcologyPopulation geneticsBotanyBiomangfoldBiosystematikkBiodiversity:Systematisk botanikk: 493 [VDP]VDP::Systematisk botanikk: 493BotanikkVDP::Systematic botany: 493BiosystematicsPopulasjons genetikk:Systematic botany: 493 [VDP]Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsNature and Landscape Conservation
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