0000000000193409
AUTHOR
Julie Aubert
Plant genotype: a lever in the interactions between plant and its associated rhizosphere microbiome
International audience; In the context of highly pressured agricultural production using low levels of inputs, cropping strategies could take advantage of existing plant-microbiome interactions that can improve both plant growth and health. We believe that plant genetics can provide some clues to better understand the mechanisms underlying microbiome recruitment by the plant.The aims of this work were (i) to assess plant genotype effect on the rhizosphere bacterial communities in relation to the plant nutritional strategies for a core collection of 155 genotypes of Medicago truncatula and (ii) to highlight the genetic determinisms potentially associated in these interactions. To achieve the…
Soil microbial diversity effects on primary production and symbiotic interactions
SPEEAEcolDurGenoSolGEAPSI; The importance of telluric microorganisms linked together by trophic exchanges with plants, that sustain all ecosystems through primary production, is known. However, the role of soil microbial diversity for primary production remains controversial. A diversity decreasing was achieved, by inoculating a sterilized soil with serial dilutions of a suspension from the same non-sterilized soil, to determine the consequences of microbial diversity erosion on the growth and fitness of three plant species more or less dependent on symbionts, Medicago truncatula, Brachypodium distachyon and Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that the impact of microbial diversity dec…
Unraveling biotic interactions determining soil microbial community assembly and functioning
National audience; Microbial communities are at the heart of all ecosystems and yet, a sound understanding of the ecological processes governing the assembly of these communities in the environment is missing. To address the role of biotic interactions in assembly and functioning of the soil microbiota, we used a top down manipulation approach based on the removal of various populations in a natural microbial community. Suspensions of the soil microbiota were subjected to various biocidal and filtration treatments before being inoculated into the same sterilized soil. We hypothesized that if biotic interactions are an important shaping force of the microbiota assembly, removal of microbial …
Nouveaux outils en bioremédiation : prédiction du potentiel de dégradation d’une communauté à partir de sa composition et création de communautés multidégradantes par coalescence
En bioremédiation, la bioaugmentation consiste en l’introduction de microorganismes dans un milieu contaminé afin d’augmenter et/ou de suppléer la population bactérienne en place, dans l’objectif de le dépolluer. Cette approche est cependant limitée par la difficulté de choisir des microorganismes efficients - communauté ou souche spécifique – à inoculer, en lien avec les conditions abiotiques et les microorganismes indigènes du milieu pollué.Dans ce travail nous avons cherché à prédire le potentiel microbien de dégradation de deux pesticides, le glyphosate et l’isoproturon, de communautés microbiennes telluriques en utilisant des méthodes statistiques issues de la prédiction génomique. Pou…