Macrophage-mediated angiogenic activation of outgrowth endothelial cells in co-culture with primary osteoblasts.
The successful vascularisation of complex tissue engineered constructs for bone regeneration is still a major challenge in the field of tissue engineering. In this context, co-culture systems of endothelial cells and osteoblasts represent a promising approach to advance the formation of a stable vasculature as well as an excellent in vitro model to identify factors that positively influence bone healing processes, including angiogenesis. Under physiological conditions, the activation phase of angiogenesis is mainly induced by hypoxia or inflammation. Inflammatory cells such as macrophages secrete proinflammatory cytokines and proangiogenic growth factors, finally leading to the formation of…
Precise determination of α(M) from global fits of e+e− data to NNLO+NNLL predictions
Abstract We present a comparison of the computation of energy-energy correlations and Durham algorithm jet rates in e + e − collisions at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy matched with the next-to-next-to-leading order perturbative prediction to LEP, PEP, PETRA, SLC and TRISTAN data. With these predictions we perform global extractions of the strong coupling constant taking into account non-perturbative effects modelled with modern Monte Carlo event generators that simulate NLO QCD corrections.