Factors Influencing Lower Secondary School Pupils’ Success in Programming Projects in Scratch

In the Czech Republic, a radical change in the school curriculum is planned. Through a new, compulsory subject of “Informatics and ICT”, the aim is to develop digital literacy across all school subjects, and computational thinking. Computational thinking will be implemented in the curriculum of pre-primary, primary, lower and upper secondary schools, and in teacher education at all faculties of education in the Czech Republic. To ensure readiness for the implementation of the new subject, it has been necessary to prepare and develop a set of learning materials for pupils and teaching guidelines for teachers. These textbooks focus on robotics, programming (Scratch, Python), and theoretical c…