0000000000211474

AUTHOR

Chia-wei Cheng

showing 3 related works from this author

Prolonged Fasting Reduces IGF-1/PKA to Promote Hematopoietic-Stem-Cell-Based Regeneration and Reverse Immunosuppression

2016

SummaryImmune system defects are at the center of aging and a range of diseases. Here, we show that prolonged fasting reduces circulating IGF-1 levels and PKA activity in various cell populations, leading to signal transduction changes in long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) and niche cells that promote stress resistance, self-renewal, and lineage-balanced regeneration. Multiple cycles of fasting abated the immunosuppression and mortality caused by chemotherapy and reversed age-dependent myeloid-bias in mice, in agreement with preliminary data on the protection of lymphocytes from chemotoxicity in fasting patients. The proregenerative effects of fasting on stem cells were recapitula…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyhematopoietic regenerationfastingmedicine.medical_treatmentCellBiologyMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemSettore BIO/13 - Biologia ApplicataInternal medicinemedicineGeneticsAnimalsRegenerationInsulin-Like Growth Factor I030304 developmental biologyImmunosuppression Therapy0303 health sciencesstem cells; fasting; nutrition; hematopoietic regenerationRegeneration (biology)Hematopoietic stem cellImmunosuppressionCell BiologyHematopoietic Stem CellsCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases3. Good healthCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLstem cellHaematopoiesisEndocrinologynutrition030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMolecular MedicineSignal transductionStem cellCell Stem Cell
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A Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi-System Regeneration, Enhanced Cognitive Performance, and Healthspan

2015

SummaryProlonged fasting (PF) promotes stress resistance, but its effects on longevity are poorly understood. We show that alternating PF and nutrient-rich medium extended yeast lifespan independently of established pro-longevity genes. In mice, 4 days of a diet that mimics fasting (FMD), developed to minimize the burden of PF, decreased the size of multiple organs/systems, an effect followed upon re-feeding by an elevated number of progenitor and stem cells and regeneration. Bi-monthly FMD cycles started at middle age extended longevity, lowered visceral fat, reduced cancer incidence and skin lesions, rejuvenated the immune system, and retarded bone mineral density loss. In old mice, FMD c…

MaleAbdominal Fat; Adult; Aged; Aging; Animals; Body Weight; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diet; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice Inbred C57BL; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Neurogenesis; Pilot Projects; Psychomotor Performance; Regeneration; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Young Adult; Cognition; Fasting; LongevityAgingPhysiologyPilot ProjectsMiceCognitionNeoplasmsCardiovascular DiseaseSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicatemedia_common2. Zero hungerNeurogenesisLongevityFastingMiddle Aged3. Good healthCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleStem cellHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyNeurogenesismedia_common.quotation_subjectLongevityAbdominal FatSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyArticleYoung AdultImmune systemInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansRegenerationPilot ProjectAdverse effectCell Biology; Molecular Biology; PhysiologyMolecular BiologyAgedAnimalBody WeightCell Biologymedicine.diseaseMiddle ageDietMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyCancer cellNeoplasmNeurogenesiPsychomotor Performance
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Low Protein Intake Is Associated with a Major Reduction in IGF-1, Cancer, and Overall Mortality in the 65 and Younger but Not Older Population

2014

SummaryMice and humans with growth hormone receptor/IGF-1 deficiencies display major reductions in age-related diseases. Because protein restriction reduces GHR-IGF-1 activity, we examined links between protein intake and mortality. Respondents aged 50–65 reporting high protein intake had a 75% increase in overall mortality and a 4-fold increase in cancer death risk during the following 18 years. These associations were either abolished or attenuated if the proteins were plant derived. Conversely, high protein intake was associated with reduced cancer and overall mortality in respondents over 65, but a 5-fold increase in diabetes mortality across all ages. Mouse studies confirmed the effect…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLow proteinnutrition protein intake caloric restriction nutrientsPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentLongevityCalorie restrictionBreast NeoplasmsGrowth hormone receptorBiologyArticleMiceLow-protein dietNeoplasmsDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineDiabetes MellitusDiet Protein-RestrictedmedicineAnimalsHumansInsulin-Like Growth Factor IMelanomaMolecular BiologyAgedProportional Hazards ModelsMice KnockoutMice Inbred BALB CIncidence (epidemiology)CancerCell BiologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMiddle ageMice Inbred C57BLCross-Sectional StudiesEndocrinologyFemaleCarrier ProteinsFollow-Up StudiesSignal TransductionCell Metabolism
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