0000000000213239
AUTHOR
Christian Roos
Abstract PS10-16: Real-world efficacy of ribociclib + aromatase inhibitor/fulvestrant, or endocrine monotherapy, or chemotherapy as first-line treatment in women with HR-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer: Third interim analysis from the RIBANNA study
Abstract Background: In MONALEESA-3 and MONALEESA-7 trials, ribociclib (RIB, a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor) in combination with endocrine therapy (aromatase inhibitor [AI] or fulvestrant [FUL]) demonstrated a significant prolongation of overall survival among patients with breast cancer (BC), regardless of menopausal status and treatment-line. In the premenopausal or perimenopausal women, RIB + AI/FUL should be combined with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist. The real-world evidence for the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of RIB + AI/FUL in the routine clinical practice is needed to support the use of this combination. Methods: RIBANNA is a prospective, non-intervention…
Remarkable ancient divergences amongst neglected lorisiform primates
Lorisiform primates (Primates: Strepsirrhini: Lorisiformes) represent almost 10% of the living primate species and are widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa and South/South-East Asia; however, their taxonomy, evolutionary history, and biogeography are still poorly understood. In this study we report the largest molecular phylogeny in terms of the number of represented taxa. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene for 86 lorisiform specimens, including ∼80% of all the species currently recognized. Our results support the monophyly of the Galagidae, but a common ancestry of the Lorisinae and Perodicticinae (family Lorisidae) was not recovered. These three lineages have ea…
Repeat expansion in spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 alleles of the TATA-box binding protein gene: an evolutionary approach.
The variability and mutational changes of the CAG microsatellite in the TATA-box binding protein gene (TBP) were studied. We sequenced the microsatellite of the TBP gene of 25 unrelated individuals from northern Germany (10 SCA17 patients and 15 unaffected control individuals). In addition, the microsatellites were sequenced from individuals of 10 northern German families with at least one family member affected by SCA17. To study also the evolutionary history of this CAG/CAA microsatellite in nonhuman primates, the homologous regions were analysed from Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus, P. abellii, Hylobates lar, Nomascus leucogenys, Symphalangus syndactylus, Macaca mulatta,…
Sexual size dimorphism predicts rates of sequence evolution of SPerm Adhesion Molecule 1 (SPAM1, also PH-20) in monkeys, but not in hominoids (apes including humans)
Based on a dataset comprising coding DNA sequences of 23 anthropoid primates, we herein investigate if rates of sequence evolution of SPerm Adhesion Molecule 1 (SPAM1, also PH-20), which participates in sperm–egg interaction, is lower in more sexually dimorphic species. For comparison, we analyze sequence evolution of apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4) and apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5), which should evolve under less or even no sexual selection given their expression in blood, digestive tract, liver, and lungs. Regression analyses provides significant support for a negative dependence of SPAM1 derived branch-specific ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates (dN/dS) on sexual size dim…
Accelerated Evolution of Fetuin-A (FETUA, also AHSG) is Driven by Positive Darwinian Selection, not GC-Biased Gene Conversion
article i nfo Human Fetuin-A (FETUA, also termed AHSG) is a serum protein composed of two cystatin-like domains D1 and D2 of together 235 amino acids (aa) and an unrelated domain D3 of 114 aa. Though the protein plays a role in diverse physiological and pathological processes, comparably little is known about sequence evolution of FETUA. We therefore analyzed its molecular evolution on the basis of coding sequences of 16 primate species. Ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates (dn/ds= ω) suggest that a previously reported acceleration of sequence evolution of exon 7, which encodes domain D3, is driven by positive selection instead of neutral evolution. Irrespective of the …