Genetic association study of childhood aggression across raters, instruments, and age

AbstractChildhood aggressive behavior (AGG) has a substantial heritability of around 50%. Here we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAMA) of childhood AGG, in which all phenotype measures across childhood ages from multiple assessors were included. We analyzed phenotype assessments for a total of 328 935 observations from 87 485 children aged between 1.5 and 18 years, while accounting for sample overlap. We also meta-analyzed within subsets of the data, i.e., within rater, instrument and age. SNP-heritability for the overall meta-analysis (AGGoverall) was 3.31% (SE = 0.0038). We found no genome-wide significant SNPs for AGGoverall. The gene-based analysis returned three sign…

Do childhood motor problems predict later academic achievement through physical activity, fitness and obesity?

Additional file 2: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Characteristics of the participants based on exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy in the ALSPAC studies. (DOCX 13 kb)

Additional file 6: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

CpG sites and their association with methylation in the ARIES cord blood data. (DOCX 14 kb)

Additional file 4: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Paternal smoking-adjusted association results of exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring peripheral blood DNA methylation for the top CpG sites. (DOCX 14 kb)

Additional file 7: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Effect sizes and their 95% confidence intervals of each available SNP-CpG association across different time points in the ARIES data. (DOCX 108 kb)

Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

Artículo con numerosos autores, sólo se mencionan el primero, los de la UAM y grupo colectivo

Additional file 6: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

CpG sites and their association with methylation in the ARIES cord blood data. (DOCX 14 kb)

Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10-24 years in the EU, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

Background: Disability and mortality burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have risen worldwide; however, the NCD burden among adolescents remains poorly described in the EU. Methods: Estimates were retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Causes of NCDs were analysed at three different levels of the GBD 2019 hierarchy, for which mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were extracted. Estimates, with the 95% uncertainty intervals (UI), were retrieved for EU Member States from 1990 to 2019, three age subgroups (10–14 years, 15–19 years, and 20–…

Additional file 4: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Paternal smoking-adjusted association results of exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring peripheral blood DNA methylation for the top CpG sites. (DOCX 14 kb)

Additional file 5: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Mediation analysis examining the mediated effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on schizophrenia-related personality traits and inflammatory bowel syndrome in the NFBC 1966 cohort. (DOCX 15 kb)

Additional file 3: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Characteristics of the participants based on exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy in the IOWBC. (DOCX 12 kb)

Additional file 1: of DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Characteristics of the participants based on exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy in the NFBC cohorts. (DOCX 14 kb)

Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specific all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included…

Physical activity and obesity mediate the association between childhood motor function and adolescent's academic achievement

The global epidemic of obesity and physical inactivity may have detrimental implications for young people’s cognitive function and academic achievement. This prospective study investigated whether childhood motor function predicts later academic achievement via physical activity, fitness, and obesity. The study sample included 8,061 children from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986, which contains data about parent-reported motor function at age 8 y and self-reported physical activity, predicted cardiorespiratory fitness (cycle ergometer test), obesity (body weight and height), and academic achievement (grades) at age 16 y. Structural equation models with unstandardized (B) and standardi…

DNA methylation links prenatal smoking exposure to later life health outcomes in offspring

Background Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with adverse offspring health outcomes across their life course. We hypothesize that DNA methylation is a potential mediator of this relationship. Methods We examined the association of prenatal maternal smoking with offspring blood DNA methylation in 2821 individuals (age 16 to 48 years) from five prospective birth cohort studies and perform Mendelian randomization and mediation analyses to assess whether methylation markers have causal effects on disease outcomes in the offspring. Results We identify 69 differentially methylated CpGs in 36 genomic regions (P value < 1 × 10−7) associated with exposure to maternal smoking in adolesc…

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013

Summary Background The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2…