Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Improves Cardiac Function in Chronic Myocardial Infarction Through Differentiation and Paracrine Activity
Fresh adipose-derived cells have been shown to be effective in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI), but their role in the chronic setting is unknown. We sought to determine the long-term effect of the adipose derived-stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell transplantation in a rat model of chronic MI. MI was induced in 82 rats by permanent coronary artery ligation and 5 weeks later rats were allocated to receive an intramyocardial injection of 107 GFP-expressing fresh SVF cells or culture media as control. Heart function and tissue metabolism were determined by echocardiography and 18F-FDG-microPET, respectively, and histological studies were performed for up to 3 months after t…
Epicardial delivery of collagen patches with adipose-derived stem cells in rat and minipig models of chronic myocardial infarction.
Although transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in chronic myocardial infarction (MI) models is associated with functional improvement, its therapeutic value is limited due to poor long-term cell engraftment and survival. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine whether transplantation of collagen patches seeded with ADSC could enhance cell engraftment and improve cardiac function in models of chronic MI. With that purpose, chronically infarcted Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 58) were divided into four groups and transplanted with media, collagen scaffold (CS), rat ADSC, or CS seeded with rat ADSC (CS-rADSC). Cell engraftment, histological changes, and cardiac function were …
Electrospun poly(hydroxybutyrate) scaffolds promote engraftment of human skin equivalents via macrophage M2 polarization and angiogenesis.
Human dermo-epidermal skin equivalents (DE) comprising in vitro expanded autologous keratinocytes and fibroblasts are a good option for massive burn treatment. However, the lengthy expansion time required to obtain sufficient surface to cover an extensive burn together with the challenging surgical procedure limits their clinical use. The integration of DE and biodegradable scaffolds has been proposed in an effort to enhance their mechanical properties. Here, it is shown that poly(hydroxybutyrate) electrospun scaffolds (PHB) present good biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo and are superior to poly-epsilon-caprolactone electrospun scaffolds as a substrate for skin reconstruction. Impl…
In vitro and in vivo arterial differentiation of human multipotent adult progenitor cells
Many stem cell types have been shown to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs); however, their specification to arterial or venous endothelium remains unexplored. We tested whether a specific arterial or venous EC fate could be induced in human multipotent adult progenitor cells (hMAPCs) and AC133(+) cells (hAC133(+)). In vitro, in the presence of VEGF(165), hAC133(+) cells only adopted a venous and microvascular EC phenotype, while hMAPCs differentiated into both arterial and venous ECs, possibly because hMAPCs expressed significantly more sonic hedgehog (Shh) and its receptors as well as Notch 1 and 3 receptors and some of their ligands. Accordingly, blocking either of those pathways …
Can bone marrow-derived multipotent adult progenitor cells regenerate infarcted myocardium?
Objectives: To assess the functional effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) transplanted in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction. Methods: Forty-four rats underwent coronary ligation and, 14 days later, were randomly allocated to receive in-scar injections (5×106 cells/150 μL) of green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-transduced allogeneic MAPCs ( n =25) or culture medium (controls, n =19). Nine of the MAPC-treated hearts were employed for functional studies while the remaining 16 received cells co-labeled with Resovist™ and were only used for serial histological assessments. Left ventricular (LV) function was assessed echocardiographically before transplantation and 1 mont…
Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exerts a Greater Long-Term Effect than Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells in a Chronic Myocardial Infarction Model in Rat
The aim of this study is to assess the long-term effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) transplantation in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI) in comparison with the effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) transplant. Five weeks after induction of MI, rats were allocated to receive intramyocardial injection of 106 GFP-expressing cells (BM-MNC or MSC) or medium as control. Heart function (echocardiography and 18F-FDG-microPET) and histological studies were performed 3 months after transplantation and cell fate was analyzed along the experiment (1 and 2 weeks and 1 and 3 months). The main findings of this study were that both BM-derived populations, BM-MNC and MSC, ind…