Collective and Cooperative Behaviour Models
International audience; In modelling residential choice we cannot escape the debate about the effect of societal context on an individual’s decision-making. This debate depends on whether we set more store by the aggregate scale of society or by the individual’s decision-making. An individual-centred approach will focus on the particularities of an individual and the way her past, for example, influences her decisions.
S-GHOST : un modèle d'auto-organisation de l'étalement urbain et du réseau de transport
S-ghost city : self-generating housing, open space and transportation in a city
International audience
Emergence of scattered and leapfrog urban development : from analytical proof to complex simulation outputs with realistic calibration
International audience
How neighborhood forms impact urban development
International audience
How green neighbourhoods make cities more compact?t? A 2D microeconomic perspective
National audience; We analyse the emergence of scattered residential development, a key characteristic of sprawl. We analyse a 2D urban economic model with neighbourhood interactions among households (social contacts) and with farmers (who produce green amenities). Starting from a cross-shaped road network and CBD, we analytically establish the existence and characteristics of residential leapfrogging that breaks up the compact development of the city. We extend our analysis by numerical experiments based on observed or econometrically estimated parameters. We nd that the shape of built up areas in uences the decision or not to jump over undeveoped land or to stick to the contiguous urban f…
Modéliser la ville
Ouvrage publié avec le soutien de la Direction de la recherche et de l'innovation (service de la recherche) du Commissariat général au développement durable (ministère de l'Écologie, de l'Énergie, du Développement durable et de la Mer), en liaison avec le Programme de recherche et d'innovation dans les transports terrestres - PREDIT 4; National audience; Pour de nombreux acteurs, impliqués professionnellement ou politiquement dans les problématiques de la ville et de son aménagement, il est devenu clair que la planification de l’urbanisation ne peut être déconnectée des politiques de transport : elles interagissent l’une sur l’autre et doivent être considérées ensemble, ce qui nécessite de …
Dielectric breakdown and urban growth
Morphological similarities between DBM and a microeconomic model of sprawl
JEL classification : C61; C63; D62; R21; R40; International audience; We present a model that simulates the growth of a metropolitan area on a 2D lattice. The model is dynamic and based on microeconomics. Households show preferences for nearby open spaces and neighbourhood density. They compete on the land market. They travel along a road network to access the CBD. A planner ensures the connectedness and maintenance of the road network. The spatial pattern of houses, green spaces and road network self-organises, emerging from agents individualistic decisions. We perform several simulations and vary residential preferences. Our results show morphologies and transition phases that are similar…
Morphological similarities between DBM and an economic geography model of city growth
International audience; An urban microeconomic model of households evolving in a 2Dcellular automata allows to simulate the growth of a metropolitan area whereland is devoted to housing, road network and agricultural/green areas. Thissystem is self-organised: based on individualistic decisions of economic agentswho compete on the land market, the model generates a metropolitan area withhouses, roads, and agriculture. Several simulation are performed. The resultsshow strong similarities with physical Dieletric breackdown models (DBM). Inparticular, phase transitions in the urban morphology occur when a controlparameter reaches critical values. Population density in our model and theelectric …