Energy efficiency and CO2 emissions of port container terminal equipment: Evidence from the Port of Valencia
Abstract Energy efficiency has emerged as a key point in port industry because of different factors such as the adoption of stronger environmental regulations and the increasing pressure of the local community on the surrounding ports. As gathering operational data from port terminals can be difficult due to privacy, studies on emissions and energy efficiency of these terminals are scarce. The following research provides key information about the real energy consumption and CO2 emissions of one of the most relevant container terminals in the Mediterranean area, located in Valencia, Spain. The results show that yard terminal tractors and rubber tyred gantry cranes (RTGs) are the main emissio…
Do shippers’ characteristics influence port choice criteria? Capturing heterogeneity by using latent class models
Abstract This paper focuses on the study of Spanish ceramic tile exporters' port choice criteria, an industry that is characterized by a low unit value index. Thus, transport costs highly influence the competitiveness of their products in international markets, representing a relatively high percentage of the value of the shipment. It is therefore critical for this type of industry to have access to efficient door-to-door maritime chains. Determinants of port choice are analysed through a latent class model allowing to link class membership to specific characteristics of the shippers and their shipments such as the size of the company, the value of the shipment, the destination market and t…
Measuring foreland container port connectivity disaggregated by destination markets: An index for Short Sea Shipping services in Spanish ports
Abstract The present research aims to develop a Foreland Port Connectivity Index (FPCI) including both qualitative and quantitative variables related to the characteristics of the maritime services provided. To that end, the FPCI incorporates two discount factors—the number of shipping services and destination countries—as penalties to correct for the quality of a port connection. After defining the FPCI, the index is applied to Spanish ports to study their connectivity in terms of container Short Sea Shipping (SSS) services. Although the connectivity of SSS traffic has not been widely studied, it is an interesting case study as small ports play a more relevant role in facilitating access t…