0000000000246908
AUTHOR
Pirjo Tiikkainen
The Structure and Stability of Perceived Togetherness in Elderly People during a 5-Year Follow-Up
The objective of this study was to study the structure andstability of perceived togetherness using cross-sectional and longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis models. Togetherness was measured with the self-administered Social Provision Scale (SPS). The sample consisted of 111 persons interviewed in connection with the Evergreen project’s 5-year follow-up at ages 80 and 85. One and two-factormodels were specified separately at two different pointsof measurement. The stability of the factor models’ structure and the level of latent factors was studied using longitudinal factor analysis models. The two-factor model fit the data better than the one-factor model. Perceived togetherness was …
Associations between the dimensions of perceived togetherness, loneliness, and depressive symptoms among older Finnish people
Objectives: We studied the associations between perceived togetherness, depressive symptoms, and loneliness over a six-month period among 222 people aged 75–79 who reported loneliness or depressive mood at baseline. Method: The present cross-lagged models utilized baseline and six-month follow-up data of a randomized controlled trial that examined the effects of a social intervention on loneliness and depression (ISRCTN78426775). Dimensions of perceived togetherness, i.e. attachment, social integration, guidance, alliance, nurturance, and reassurance of worth, were measured with the Social Provisions Scale, depressive symptoms with a short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale, and lonelin…
Effect of a social intervention of choice vs. control on depressive symptoms, melancholy, feeling of loneliness, and perceived togetherness in older Finnish people: a randomized controlled trial.
Objectives: This study examined effects of a social intervention on depressive symptoms, melancholy, loneliness, and perceived togetherness in community-dwelling Finnish older people. Method: Promotion of mental well-being in older people (GoodMood; ISRCTN78426775) was a single-blinded randomized control trial lasting 1.5 years. Two hundred and twenty-three persons aged 75–79 years reporting symptoms of loneliness or melancholy were randomized into intervention and control groups. The intervention group was allowed to choose among supervised exercise, social activity, or personal counseling. Follow-up measurements were conducted at the end of 6-month intervention, and at 3, 6, and 12 months…
Vanhuusiän yksinäisyys : seuruututkimus emotionaalista ja sosiaalista yksinäisyyttä määrittävistä tekijöistä
The first purpose of this study was to examine perceived loneliness among elderly persons aged 80 at the baseline and stability and changes in loneliness over a 5-year follow-up. In addition, the extent to which different factors are associated with and predict loneliness was explored. The second purpose was to study the structure and stability and the predictors of perceived togetherness in men and women over the 5-year period. The overall aim was to identify the determinants of loneliness in old age. The target population of this study comprised all persons born in 1910 and 1914 and living in Jyväskylä. At age 80, 91.1 % (n = 512) of those eligible participated in the home-interviews and …
Social relations in older adults: Secular trends and longitudinal changes over a 16-year follow-up.
Abstract Drawing on population studies in Finland, we investigated secular trends and longitudinal changes in social relations. The cohort comparison data comprised on 974 persons aged 65–69 years from three cohorts born between 1919 and 1939 and interviewed in 1988, 1996 and 2004. Longitudinal analyses were conducted for 635 persons aged 65–74 years over a 16-year follow-up at three measurement points. Social relations were studied on the basis of frequency seeing one's offspring, perceptions of the sufficiency of these contacts, and by asking whom the participants considered as their closest person and how often and in how many tasks they helped someone. The cohort comparisons showed that…