Papaver rhoeas plants with multiple resistance to synthetic auxins and ALS inhibitors

The pattern of resistance to synthetic auxins and ALS inhibitors was investigated in a population of corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), originating from central Greece. In June 2013 seed capsules and leaf fragments were collected from ten P. rhoeas plants that survived 2,4-D application in a wheat field with an history of ALS-inhibiting herbicide application. The material was collected separately for each plant. DNA from the collected leaf fragments of each plant was subjected to ALS genotyping at codons 197 and 574 using dCAPS assays. The collected seeds were treated with gibberellic acid to break dormancy and each progeny was planted separately in plastic modular trays containing potting soil. …