A Guideline-based Survey Of COPD Management Of Pneumologists In Germany

Guideline-based survey of outpatient COPD management by pulmonary specialists in Germany

Thomas Glaab1,2, Claus Vogelmeier3, Andreas Hellmann4, Roland Buhl11Department of Respiratory Diseases III, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, 2Medical Affairs Germany, Respiratory Medicine, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co, KG, Ingelheim, 3Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, 4Federal Association of Pneumologists, Augsburg, GermanyBackground: Little is known about the role of guidelines for the practical management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by office-based pulmonary specialists. The aim of this study was to assess their outpatient management in relation to current guideline recommenda…

Forensic animal DNA typing: Allele nomenclature and standardization of 14 feline STR markers

Since the domestic cat (Felis catus) has become one of the most popular pets and owners usually develop a close relationship to their cats, it is necessary to take traces of cats into account for forensic casework. For this purpose feline short tandem (STR) repeat markers have been investigated in several earlier studies, but no detailed description of sequence data, allelic variations or a repeat-based nomenclature is available. The aim of the study was to provide a suggestion for the allele nomenclature of 14 cat STR markers according to the recommendations of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) for human DNA typing and to present a standardized system for a secure DNA …

Tubulin gene expression persists during all changes in microtubular arrays related to cell shaping in growing barley leaves

Summary Levels of α-tubulin RNA were determined in consecutive leaf segments taken along young, growing barley leaves by Northern blotting. The leaves exhibited a developmental gradient typical of graminaceous species ranging from a meristem at the base to fully differentiated cells at the tip. The objective was to ascertain whether or not high steady-state tubulin RNA levels accompany characteristic changes in microtubular arrays known to occur during cell division and differentiation. Of particular interest was the differentiation zone comprising a succession of well defined changes in microtubular arrays that appear to be involved in the control of cell shaping. High steady-state levels …

Changes in the density of microtubular networks in mesophyll cells and mesophyll derived protoplasts of Nicotiana and Triticum during leaf development

Changes in the density of microtubular mesh-works were analysed in mesophyll cells and mesophyll derived protoplasts of Nicotiana tabacum L. and Triticum aestivum L. during leaf development. The main purpose of this study was to test whether the low density, if not lack, of microtubular networks recently described in protoplasts that had been isolated from fully differentiated mesophyll cells happened during protoplast isolation or whether the loss of microtubules actually occurred during differentiation of the leaf tissue. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the density of the microtubular cytoskeleton in the leaf tissue decreased steadily after cessation of cell growth in both speci…

Changes in tubulin protein expression accompany reorganization of microtubular arrays during cell shaping in barley leaves

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves grow from the base and thus exhibit a smooth developmental gradient. Developing mesophyll cells acquire their typical lobed shape synchronously along this gradient. Successive changes in the patterns of cortical microtubules are involved in the shaping process. The changes include formation and dispersal of band-like structures, the establishment of a random network and a dramatic loss of microtubules after completion of cell shaping. When the relative tubulin contents were determined in consecutive segments taken along the leaf, two tubulin maxima were found. They coincided with the establishment of the microtubular bands and the random network, respectiv…