0000000000330215
AUTHOR
Bruno Streit
Fitness differences and persistent founder effects determine the clonal composition during population build-up in Daphnia
During the initial stages of population build-up in new habitats, the time at which immigrants arrive may infl uence their contribution to the population and thus determine population genetic structure. While the numerical advantage associated with founder eff ects may promote dominance of the off spring of early colonizers, fi tness diff erences associated with ecological diff erences among genotypes may potentially overwhelm these founder eff ects. We conducted an outdoor mesocosm experiment to test whether the sequence of arrival determines the relative contribution of genetic lineages (clones) to populations of the water fl ea Daphnia . A set of D. galeata clones was inoculated pairwise…
Towards understanding isotope variability in elephant ivory to establish isotopic profiling and source-area determination
Abstract We present here new isotopic data (δ 13 C, δ 15 N, δ 18 O, δ 2 H, and δ 34 S) from pulverised ivory powder, measured by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry from an unprecedented large dataset of 507 ivory samples, derived from twenty-eight African and six Asian elephant range states. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of isotopic fingerprinting and to evaluate its forensic potential and limitations to predict the provenance of ivory of unknown origin. We constructed a nominal assignment framework for the African reference samples, consisting of 208 different sites and applied the weighted k -Nearest Neighbor Classifier with reference site as classifier and …
Utility of island populations in re-introduction programmes--relationships between Arabian gazelles (Gazella arabica) from the Farasan Archipelago and endangered mainland populations.
Understanding local adaptation and population differentiation is vital to the success of re-introduction initiatives. As other mammals living on islands, Arabian gazelles (G. arabica) show reduced body size on the Farasan archipelago, which we corroborated in this study through morphometric analyses of skulls. In the light of the steep population decline on the Arabian Peninsula – but stable population development on the archipelago – we tested the potential suitability of Farasan gazelles as a source for re-introductions on the mainland. We therefore investigated genetic differentiation between Farasan and mainland populations using eleven nuclear microsatellite loci and detected a distinc…
Assigning Elephant Ivory with Stable Isotopes
The international ivory trade remains one of the world’s most controversial wildlife trade issues. One of the main arguments for the trade prohibition is the fact that it is very difficult to distinguish legal from illegal ivory in the markets, so that the legal ivory trade would provide a perfect cover for smuggling. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variability of isotope ratios in ivory samples from Appendix I and II elephant populations in Africa to validate their potential for forensic purposes more quantitatively. We selected a subset of 293 data of ivory samples from the www.ivoryid.org database that stores isotopic ratios of δ13C, δ15N, δ18O, δ2H, and δ34S from more than …
Data from: Utility of island populations in reintroduction programs—relationships between Arabian gazelles (Gazella arabica) from the Farasan Archipelago and endangered mainland populations
Understanding local adaptation and population differentiation is vital to the success of reintroduction initiatives. Like other mammals living on islands, Arabian gazelles (G. arabica) show reduced body size on the Farasan archipelago, which we corroborated in this study through morphometric analyses of skulls. In light of the steep population decline on the Arabian Peninsula—but stable population development on the archipelago—we tested the potential suitability of Farasan gazelles as a source for reintroductions on the mainland. We, therefore, investigated genetic differentiation between Farasan and mainland populations using eleven nuclear microsatellite loci and detected a distinct gene…