0000000000335271
AUTHOR
Francisco Javier Ata-ali Mahmud
Pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid: update on etiopathogenesis, oral manifestations and managementy.
Introduction: The treatment of oral mucosal disorders must be based on an early and correct diagnosis. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) are among the diseases that pose the greatest diagnostic difficulties for dentists, with scores of 7.35 and 8.03, respectively , on a scale from 0-10. Objective: To conduct a literature review on PV and MMP, and to summarize the case series involving more than two patients with these diseases. Material and Methods: A PubMed – Medline search was carried out, using the key words “pemphigus vulgaris” and “oral mucous membrane pemphigoid”. The search was limited to “case reports” and “dental journals”, and yielded a total of 122 arti…
Prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and complications of supernumerary teeth
The aim of this article was to review the literature on supernumerary teeth, analyzing their prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and possible complications. An electronic search was made in the Pubmed-Medline database up to January 2014 using the key search terms "multiple supernumerary teeth" (n=279), "prevalence supernume rary teeth" (n=361), and "supernumerary teeth" (n=2412). In addition to the articles initially identified, others were included in the review proceeding from a manual search and from any references considered of relevance. Supernumerary teeth are those that exceed the normal dental formula. They are more common in men, more common in the upper maxilla, and more pr…
Oral mucocele: review of the literature
Mucocele is a common lesion of the oral mucosa that results from an alteration of minor salivary glands due to a mucous accumulation. Mucocele involves mucin accumulation causing limited swelling. Two histological types exist - extravasation and retention. Mucoceles can appear at any site of the oral mucosa where minor salivary glands are present. Diagnosis is principally clinical; therefore, the anamnesis should be carried out correctly, looking for previous trauma. The most common location of the extravasation mucocele is the lower lip, while retention mu- coceles can be found at any other site. Mucoceles can affect the general population, but most commonly young patients (20-30 years old…
Corticosteroids use in controlling pain, swelling and trismus after lower third molar surgery use in controlling pain, swelling and trismus after lower third molar surgery
Objectives: A study is made of corticosteroid use in controlling pain, swelling and trismus after lower third molar surgical removal. Material and methods: A Medline search and review was made of all randomized and controlled clinical trials on the effects of corticosteroids upon pain, swelling and trismus after lower third molar surgery. The review was limited to those studies published in the last 10 years. Of the 20 initially considered articles, 6 were finally excluded. Results: A total of 14 articles were included. In 5 of the studies, corticosteroid use resulted in statistically significant reductions in pain after third molar removal. In 7 of the 11 articles that analyzed the effect …
Subcutaneous emphysema resulting from surgical extraction without elevation of a mucoperiosteal skin flap
Subcutaneous emphysema, is a rare occurrence in dental practice. It is usually benign and self-limiting; nevertheless, severe consequences can result from surgical treatment. Emphysema occurs when air is injected into the subcutaneous layer of the tissue, this may come from either an air turbine handpiece or air syringe. Due to the danger of developing emphysema, procedures using compressed air are not recommended in dental extractions involving the raising of a skin flap, bone sectioning or exeresis. Two determining factors are always involved with subcutaneous emphysema. On the one hand, a compressed air procedure (air turbine handpiece, air-water syringe), and on the other, a communicati…
Parámetros clínicos y características microbiológicas en pacientes con tejidos periimplantarios sanos, mucositis y peri-implantitis
La restauración de los dientes ausentes mediante implantes dentales constituye hoy en día un tratamiento rutinario y muy extendido. Varios estudios longitudinales han demostrado altas tasas de supervivencia de los implantes en función, que van desde el 90 % al 95 % en un periodo de hasta 20 años de seguimiento. Las complicaciones biológicas alrededor de los implantes dentales se clasifican en tempranas y tardías. Los fracasos tempranos son los que tienen lugar en el tiempo hasta la conexión del pilar al implante y son más fáciles de diagnosticar debido a la falta de osteointegración. Los fracasos tardíos son el resultado de la incapacidad de mantener la oseointegración, siendo la complicaci…
Effect of ozone therapy upon clinical and bacteriological parameters of the oral cavity: an update
Objective: To review the literature on ozone therapy in oral health, as assessed by different clinical and bacteriological parameters. Material and methods: A PubMed literature search was made using the key words “ozone dental”, and establishing as limits “randomized controlled trial” and “dental journal”. Thirteen articles were identified, with access to only 6 of them. Results: Four studies used ozone for the treatment of caries. One study examined its effect upon dental hypersensitivity, while another evaluated the efficacy of ozone as a tooth whitening technique. Five studies explored the bacteriological actions of ozone therapy in reference to different types of bacteria. Conclusion: T…
Radiological assessment of peri-implant bone loss: a 12-month retrospective study
Introduction: Following dental implant loading, marginal bone loss after one year must be evaluated to check correct maintenance of the bone levels. Objectives: To assess implant treatment success and quantify marginal bone loss 6 and 12 months after loading. Material and method: Sixty-one MIS® implants with a 1.8 mm machined neck were placed in 26 patients. Implant success was based on the criteria of Buser. Radiological controls were made 6 and 12 months after loading, measuring bone loss mesial and distal. Results: Twenty-two patients with 56 implants were included: 32 in the maxilla and 24 in the mandible. Two implants failed in two patients during the osseointegration phase (both in th…
Osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients treated with bisphosphonates
The literature describes an increasing presence of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ), characterized by the exposure for over 8 weeks of necrotic bone in the maxillofacial region, after bisphosphonate therapy, in the absence of prior maxillary radiotherapy. The present literature review examines the etiopathogenesis, risk factors, clinical forms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of bisphosphonate-induced ONJ. In addition, a review is made of all the series involving over 15 patients diagnosed with this disorder between 1 January 2011 and 15 May 2011. A PubMed-Medline search was carried out with the following key words: 'bisphosphonates' and 'osteonecrosis'. The appear…
Forensic dentistry in human identification: A review of the literature
An update is provided of the literature on the role of odontology in human identification, based on a PubMed-Medline search of the last 5 years and using the terms: 'forensic dentistry' (n = 464 articles), 'forensic odontology' (n = 141 articles) and 'forensic dentistry identification' (n = 169 articles). Apart from these initial 774 articles, others considered to be important and which were generated by a manual search and cited as references in review articles were also included. Forensic dentistry requires interdisciplinary knowledge, since the data obtained from the oral cavity can contribute to identify an individual or provide information needed in a legal process. Furthermore, the da…