0000000000342032
AUTHOR
Heather J. Galipeau
showing 4 related works from this author
A48 COLITIS FAVORS THE EXPANSION OF BACTERIA THAT ACTIVATE PAR2 AMPLIFYING INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
2020
Abstract Background Proteolytic imbalance has been described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in different models of experimental colitis. Although the proteases reported to be increased are mainly from the host, the role of bacterial proteases has recently emerged, as they can promote inflammation, in part, through activation of Protease-activated receptors (PARs). PAR2 deficient mice are resistant to inflammation and PAR2 activation affects multiple aspects of the tissue response to injury. However, PAR2 communicates with other receptors such as toll-like and other PARs, which are important in multiple immune signaling pathways. Thus, the direct implication of PAR2 in…
Duodenal Bacteria From Patients With Celiac Disease and Healthy Subjects Distinctly Affect Gluten Breakdown and Immunogenicity
2016
Background & Aims Partially degraded gluten peptides from cereals trigger celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune enteropathy occurring in genetically susceptible persons. Susceptibility genes are necessary but not sufficient to induce CD, and additional environmental factors related to unfavorable alterations in the microbiota have been proposed. We investigated gluten metabolism by opportunistic pathogens and commensal duodenal bacteria and characterized the capacity of the produced peptides to activate gluten-specific T-cells from CD patients. Methods We colonized germ-free C57BL/6 mice with bacteria isolated from the small intestine of CD patients or healthy controls, selected for their in v…
Lactobacilli Degrade Wheat Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors to Reduce Intestinal Dysfunction Induced by Immunogenic Wheat Proteins.
2019
Background & Aims Wheat-related disorders, a spectrum of conditions induced by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals, have been increasing in prevalence. Patients with celiac disease have gluten-specific immune responses, but the contribution of non-gluten proteins to symptoms in patients with celiac disease or other wheat-related disorders is controversial. Methods C57BL/6 (control), Myd88–/–, Ticam1–/–, and Il15–/– mice were placed on diets that lacked wheat or gluten, with or without wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATIs), for 1 week. Small intestine tissues were collected and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were measured; we also investigated gut permeability and int…
A49 LACTOBACILLI DEGRADE WHEAT AMYLASE TRYPSIN INHIBITORS (ATI) TO AMELIORATE GUT DYSFUNCTION INDUCED BY IMMUNOGENIC WHEAT PROTEINS
2019
BACKGROUND: Wheat-related disorders involve a wide spectrum of conditions, triggered by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals. The induction of gluten-specific immune responses in celiac disease is well established. However, the contribution of gluten and/or non-gluten proteins in the generation of symptoms in other wheat-related disorders is controversial. Amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) are pest-resistant molecules in modern wheat with TLR4-activating capacities. AIMS: We investigated the role of ATIs in the generation of gut barrier dysfunction and dysmotility in wild-type mice as well as in the severity of gluten-induced immunopathology in genetically predisposed mice. We also de…