0000000000346970
AUTHOR
Anja Baethge
Just more of the same, or different? An integrative theoretical framework for the study of cumulative interruptions at work
We propose a theoretical framework that explores the accumulation of work interruptions and their effects. Most research studies have dealt with interruptions as isolated phenomena, ignoring the simultaneous or sequential occurrence of interruptions common in everyday life. We fill this gap and provide insight into the process of the accumulation of interruptions by mapping deep-level regulation onto an observable sequence of actions. Furthermore, we explain how cumulative interruptions can lead to qualitatively different effects because of the interaction and joint development of isolated effects, identifying some mediating and moderating factors. In doing so, we disclose the relationships…
How Followers Differing in Career Motivation Gain Career Profits from Transformational Leaders: A Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Model
Although, transformational leadership is among the most thoroughly examined leadership theories, knowledge regarding its association with followers' career outcomes is still limited. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms explaining how transformational leaders affect their employees' career success are yet not well-understood. Based on theoretical assumptions about the processes involved in setting the goal of “making a career,” we propose an indirect effect of transformational leadership on subjective and objective career success via development opportunities that depends on the level of career motivation of employees. We conducted a longitudinal study with two measurement occasions separ…
A matter of time? Challenging and hindering effects of time pressure on work engagement
ABSTRACTThe aim of our research was to test time-exposure effects of time pressure as a stressor typically considered to be a challenge, rather than a hindrance stressor. We examined the within- and between-person effects of time pressure on work engagement in two diary/panel studies with employees using intervals of five days and three weeks, respectively (Study 1, n = 350, and n = 357, respectively) and six to eight weeks (Study 2, n = 238). We assumed that it is a matter of time whether time pressure acts as a challenge (under short-term exposure) or as a hindrance stressor (under long-term exposure). We found significant positive within-person effects of time pressure on work engagement…
Nursing performance under high workload: a diary study on the moderating role of selection, optimization and compensation strategies
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate whether selective optimization with compensation constitutes an individualized action strategy for nurses wanting to maintain job performance under high workload. Background High workload is a major threat to healthcare quality and performance. Selective optimization with compensation is considered to enhance the efficient use of intra-individual resources and, therefore, is expected to act as a buffer against the negative effects of high workload. Design The study applied a diary design. Over five consecutive workday shifts, self-report data on workload was collected at three randomized occasions during each shift. Self-reported job performance…
Interruptions to workflow: Their relationship with irritation and satisfaction with performance, and the mediating roles of time pressure and mental demands
Understanding the mechanisms of workflow interruptions is crucial for reducing employee strain and maintaining performance. This study investigates how interruptions affect perceptions of performance and irritation by employing a within-person approach. Such interruptions refer to intruding secondary tasks, such as requests for assistance, which occur within the primary task. Based on empirical evidence and action theory, it is proposed that the occurrence of interruptions is negatively related to satisfaction with one's own performance and positively related to forgetting of intentions and the experience of irritation. Mental demands and time pressure are proposed as mediators. Data were g…
The Moderating Role of Work-Related Rumination in Nurses’ Sleep Quality Trajectory During Morning Shift Work
Abstract. This diary study investigated nurses’ recovery after transitioning to morning shift work (i.e., their short-term adaptation to shift work) by examining the change trajectory of sleep quality over the course of five consecutive morning shifts. Results of latent growth analyses ( N = 132) showed that nurses’ sleep quality started at low levels and increased rapidly in the beginning until it stabilized toward the end of the shift work period. Moreover, work-related rumination moderated the sleep quality trajectory. When rumination was low, nurses’ sleep quality showed a quadratic trajectory, whereas when rumination was high, sleep quality showed a flatter and linear trajectory, sugg…
Time and Performance Pressure
Abstract. Time pressure and performance pressure are among the most crucial job demands of today’s workforce. However, the literature on psychological stress barely distinguishes between these constructs. Therefore, we aimed to examine time pressure and performance pressure as two qualitatively different job demands in terms of unique moderators for both demands. We investigated whether time control would moderate the relationship between time pressure and both emotional exhaustion and work engagement. As a vulnerability factor for dealing with performance pressure, we investigated perfectionism. The cross-sectional data of 167 employees showed that time control was a significant moderator…
Why employee psychopathy leads to counterproductive workplace behaviours : an analysis of the underlying mechanisms
The purpose of this study is to examine possible explanatory mechanisms linking employee secondary psychopathy to counterproductive workplace behaviour (CWB). Based on the emotion-centred model of ...
Does work engagement physiologically deplete? Results from a daily diary study
Based on the conservation of resources theory, we argue that work engagement involves resource investment, and therefore physiologically depletes resources. On this basis, we propose that work enga...
Three-Way Interactions Among Interruptions/Multitasking Demands, Occupational Age, and Alertness: A Diary Study
In this study, we examined the within-person relationships between workday “cognitive” stressors (multitasking demands and workflow interruptions) and strain (situational well-being throughout the day and irritation in the evening). We hypothesized that occupational age, in terms of job tenure and an indicator of functional age (alertness), would moderate these relationships in that employees with low experience and low alertness would suffer most from the stressors. We conducted a 5-day diary study in a sample of 123 nurses, with 4 measurements per day (3 taken during the work shift and 1 taken in the evening), and 1 survey (occupational age) and computer-based cognitive performance test b…