The effect of a membrane-mimicking environment on the interactions of Cu2+ with an amyloidogenic fragment of chicken prion protein
Prion proteins (PrP) from different species have the ability to tightly bind Cu2+ ions. Copper coordination sites are located in the disordered and flexible N-terminal region which contains several His anchoring sites. Among them, two His residues are found in the so called amyloidogenic PrP region which is believed to play a key role in the process leading to oligomer and fibril formation. Both chicken and human amyloidogenic regions have a hydrophobic C-terminal region rich in Ala and Val amino acids. Recent findings revealed that this domain undergoes random coil to α-helix structuring upon interaction with membrane models. This interaction might strongly impact metal binding abilities e…
Zn(II)-alloferon complexes - Similar sequence, different coordination modes, no antibacterial activity.
Often, in the search for a highly defined scientific phenomenon, a different one becomes apparent. This was also the case of this work, in the scope of which we planned to search for metal-enhanced, novel antibacterial/ antifungal compounds. Instead, we denied the existence of such and revealed the details of the bioinorganic chemistry of Zn(II)-alloferon complexes. Zinc(II) complexes of alloferon 1 and 2, ligands with a sequential difference of one amino acid only, show a substantially different coordination pattern at physiological pH. In the case of Zn(II)-alloferon 1 species, a histamine-like binding mode is observed (N-terminal amine and imidazole of His-1) and the coordination sphere …
How copper ions and membrane environment influence the structure of the human and chicken tandem repeats domain?
Abstract Prion proteins (PrPs) from different species have the enormous ability to anchor copper ions. The N-terminal domain of human prion protein (hPrP) contains four tandem repeats of the –PHGGGWGQ– octapeptide sequence. This octarepeat domain can bind up to four Cu2+ ions. Similarly to hPrP, chicken prion protein (chPrP) is able to interact with Cu2+ through the tandem hexapeptide -HNPGYP- region (residues 53–94). In this work, we focused on the human octapeptide repeat (human Octa4, hPrP60–91) (Ac-PHGGGWGQPHGGGWGQPHGGGWGQPHGGGWGQ-NH2) and chicken hexapeptide repeat (chicken Hexa4, chPrP54–77) (Ac-HNPGYPHNPGYPHNPGYPHNPGYP-NH2) prion protein fragments. Due to the fact that PrP is a membr…
Metal Complexes of Two Specific Regions of ZnuA, a Periplasmic Zinc(II) Transporter from Escherichia coli
The crystal structure of ZnZnuA from Escherichia coli reveals two metal binding sites. (i) The primary binding site, His143, is located close the His-rich loop (residues 116-138) and plays a significant role in Zn(II) acquisition. (ii) The secondary binding site involves His224. In this work, we focus on understanding the interactions of two metal ions, Zn(II) and Cu(II), with two regions of ZnuA, which are possible anchoring sites for Zn(II): Ac-115MKSIHGDDDDHDHAEKSDEDHHHGDFNMHLW145-NH2 (primary metal binding site) and Ac-223GHFTVNPEIQPGAQRLHE240-NH2 (secondary metal binding site). The histidine-rich loop (residues 116-138) has a role in the capture of zinc(II), which is then further deliv…
Structural analysis of copper(I) interaction with amyloid β peptide
Abstract The N-terminal fragment of Aβ (β = beta) peptide is able to bind essential transition metal ions like, copper, zinc and iron. Metal binding usually occurs via the imidazole nitrogens of the three His residues which play a key role in the coordination chemistry. Among all the investigated systems, the interaction between copper and Amyloid β assume a biological relevance because of the interplay between the two copper oxidation states, Cu(II) and Cu(I), and their involvement in redox reactions. Both copper ions share the ability to bind Amyloid β. A huge number of investigations have demonstrated that Cu(II) anchors to the N-terminal amino and His6, His13/14 imidazole groups, while …
Metal specificity of the Ni(II) and Zn(II) binding sites of the N-terminal and G-domain of E. coli HypB
HypB is one of the chaperones required for proper nickel insertion into [NiFe]-hydrogenase. Escherichia coli HypB has two potential Ni(II) and Zn(II) binding sites—the N-terminal one and the so-called GTPase one. The metal-loaded HypB–SlyD metallochaperone complex activates nickel release from the N-terminal HypB site. In this work, we focus on the metal selectivity of the two HypB metal binding sites and show that (i) the N-terminal region binds Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions with higher affinity than the G-domain and (ii) the lower affinity G domain binds Zn(II) more effectively than Ni(II). In addition, the high affinity N-terminal domain, both in water and membrane mimicking SDS solution, has a…