0000000000391925
AUTHOR
Marjaana Toivonen
Reilu ruokamurros : Polkuja kestävään ja oikeudenmukaiseen ruokajärjestelmään
Ruokajärjestelmämme kärsivät monista yhteen kietoutuneista kestävyysongelmista. Ongelmia ei korjata yksittäisillä teknologisilla ratkaisuilla, vaan muutoksia tarvitaan läpi koko ruokajärjestelmän. Muutosten laajuuden vuoksi on syytä puhua järjestelmän perustavanlaatuisesta muuttamisesta eli ruokamurroksesta. Tässä julkaisussa tarkastelemme, miten ruokajärjestelmän ilmastopäästöjä voitaisiin vähentää Suomessa siten, että ruokaturva ei vaarannu. Arvioimme ilmastotoimien toteutusta eri murrospoluilla, jotka keskittyvät maankäytön, ruokavalioiden, maatalous- ja ruokateknologioiden muutoksiin. Arvioimme eri murrospolkujen vaikutuksia maatalouteen eri alueilla ja eri väestöryhmien ravitsemukseen.…
Effects of landscape composition on hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in mass-flowering crop fields within forest-dominated landscapes
Agricultural intensification has led to structurally simplified landscapes with reduced and fragmented resources for farmland insects. However, studies on the effects of landscape composition on farmland insects have mainly been performed in areas dominated by open arable land and semi-natural grasslands, while studies from forest-dominated landscapes are scarce. This research examined the effects of landscape composition on hoverfly species richness and abundance in arable land in boreal forest-dominated landscapes. Hoverflies were sampled in 22 mass-flowering caraway (Carum carvi) fields in Central Finland using pan traps. The effects of landscape composition on species richness and abund…
Linking pollinator abundance in field margins to crop pollination service
Crop pollination services are an often-used argument for supporting pollinators in agricultural landscapes. However, the link between pollinator occurrence in the proximity of fields and realized crop pollination service remains poorly studied. We examined how the abundance of different pollinator taxa in field margins predicts pollination services in adjacent insect-pollinated crop in boreal agricultural landscapes. Additionally, we studied how pollinators in field margins are affected by pesticide use and landscape structure. We conducted a field experiment in 34 spring-sown turnip rape (Brassica rapa ssp. oleifera) fields and their permanent margins in Southern Finland in summer 2017. Th…
Evidence for positive population-level effects of an agri-environment scheme on grassland butterflies
Many studies have reported positive effects of agri-environment schemes (AES) on species richness and abundance, but studies demonstrating demographic, population-level responses, which is the desired outcome from AES, are rare. This is at least partly due to the difficulty in distinguishing between behavioural and demographic effects in snapshot studies. Here we report positive population-level effects of environmental set-asides (currently included in the national AES of fallows in Finland) in grassland butterflies and day-active moths. We firstly identified a set of conditions that a species should meet in order to succeed in establishing a local population in an area where the focal agr…