0000000000406628
AUTHOR
Alik Ismail-zadeh
Numerical approach to problems of gravitational instability of geostructures with advected material boundaries
SUMMARY We present a numerical approach for solving 2-D mantle flow problems where the chemical composition changes abruptly across intermediate boundaries. The method combines a Galerkin-spline technique with a method of integration over regions bounded by advected interfaces to represent discontinuous variations of material parameters. It allows direct approximation of a natural free surface position, instead of a posteriori calculation of topography from the normal stress at the upper free-slip boundary. We formulate a model where a viscous incompressible fluid filling a square box is divided into layers (not necessarily horizontal) by advected boundaries, across which the density and vi…
Knowledge exchange through science diplomacy to assist disaster risk reduction
Abstract This paper analyses science diplomacy efforts to reduce disaster risks and proposes establishing national knowledge exchange centers (KECs) to help individual states adhere to their Sendai Framework goals. KECs are considered to be interconnected globally and work together to promote resilience efforts by facilitating sharing of information and strategies in risk monitoring, assessment, and ultimately reduction across the globe. KECs can provide high-quality scientific evidence for informed decisionmaking along with a component related to disaster science media to ensure that appropriate knowledge reaches a variety of people who need it in different forms tailored for them. KECs ca…