0000000000417198
AUTHOR
Michael Andrut
15. Spectroscopic methods applied to zircon
Natural and synthetic (pure and doped) zircon (ZrSiO4) have been studied with a variety of spectroscopic techniques. These techniques are based on different physical phenomena, for instance transitions between spin states of nuclei and electrons, energetic transitions of valence electrons, intra-molecular vibrations, or vibrations of atoms and molecular units in the lattice. All of the diverse spectroscopic techniques, however, have in common that they probe energy differences between a ground and excited states, mostly upon interaction of the mineral with incident radiation. Such interactions are not only determined by the excited elementary particles or molecules themselves but depend gre…
Spectroscopic methods applied to zircon
Natural and synthetic (pure and doped) zircon (ZrSiO4) have been studied with a variety of spectroscopic techniques. These techniques are based on different physical phenomena, for instance transitions between spin states of nuclei and electrons, energetic transitions of valence electrons, intra-molecular vibrations, or vibrations of atoms and molecular units in the lattice. All of the diverse spectroscopic techniques, however, have in common that they probe energy differences between a ground and excited states, mostly upon interaction of the mineral with incident radiation. Such interactions are not only determined by the excited elementary particles or molecules themselves but depend gre…
The nature of radiohaloes in biotite: Experimental studies and modeling
Several micro-techniques (confocal laser-Raman microprobe, optical absorption micro-spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis) were employed in the detailed characterization of radiohaloes in biotites from two Variscan rocks from Germany. The studied biotites are intermediate members of the phlogopite-annite series with Mg/Fe 2+ ratios in the range 1.6–1.0. Radiohaloes in biotite resulted from the impact of 4 He cores (α-particles) emitted from actinide-bearing inclusions. Monte Carlo simulations yielded α ( 238 U, 235 U, and 232 Th series) penetration ranges in biotite between 12.5 and 37.3 μm, which are in reasonable agreement with the ob…