MOESM1 of Response to Kruse-Plass et al. (2017) regarding the risk to non-target lepidopteran larvae exposed to pollen from one or more of three Bt maize events (MON810, Bt11 and 1507)

Additional file 1. Additional information.

Highlighting the role of diversity in driving weed dynamics and weed-crop interactions

EAGESTAD INRA; Weeds are responsible for crop losses and their management, mainly through herbicide applications, has led to resistances and environmental impacts. Integrated Weed Management encourages the use of “many little hammers” such as crop rotation, mechanical weeding, stale seedbed technique and delayed sowing … i.e. more complex and diversified cropping systems, in order to increase cropping system sustainability. However, research is still required to test the effectiveness of combinations of these alternative tactics in a wide range of agricultural contexts. Furthermore, the cropping system approach considers all these individual hammers, whose effects on agricultural weeds have…

Response to Kruse-Plass et al. (2017) regarding the risk to non-target lepidopteran larvae exposed to pollen from one or more of three Bt maize events (MON810, Bt11 and 1507)

We respond to the paper of Kruse-Plass et al. (Environ Sci Eur 29:12, 2017), published in this journal, regarding the risk to non-target lepidopteran larvae exposed to pollen from one or more of three Bt maize events (MON810, Bt11 and 1507). We emphasise that what is important for environmental risk assessment is not the number of pollen grains per se, but the degree of exposure of a NT lepidopteran larva to Bt protein contained in maize pollen. The main text of this response deals with general issues which Kruse-Plass et al. have failed to understand; more detailed refutations of each of their claims are given in Additional file 1. Valid environmental risk assessment requires direct measur…

7th International Weed Science Congress (membres du comité d’organisation scientifique, main topi organizers)

Influence de la diversité sur la dynamique des communautés d’adventices et les interactions adventices:culture

L’effet concurrentiel des communautés d’adventices (CA) est mal connu. De plus, une des priorités de recherche en malherbologie consiste à caractériser les relations entre diversité des adventices et pertes de rendement (PR). Nous avons testé l’hypothèse que (i) toutes les CA ne sont pas responsables de PR et que (ii) les CA plus diversifiées réduisaient les PR grâce à une plus faible probabilité d’espèces dominantes et compétitives. Un essai au champ sur blé tendre a été mené pendant 3 ans sur 2 parcelles différentes chaque année. Sur chaque parcelle, 9 zones (6 non désherbées, 3 désherbées) présentant une flore contrastée ont été installées. Au sein de chaque zone, 5 quadrats ont été disp…