0000000000424079
AUTHOR
Timo O. Veteli
Interactions between willows and insect herbivores under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation
We studied the effects of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation on interactions between insect herbivores and their host plants by exposing two species of phytochemically different willows, Salix myrsinifolia and S. phylicifolia, to a modulated increase in ultraviolet radiation in an outdoor experiment and monitoring the colonisation of insect herbivores on these willows. We examined the effect of increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on (1) the quality of willow leaves, (2) the distribution and abundance of insect herbivores feeding on these willows, (3) the resulting amount of damage, and (4) the performance of insect larvae feeding on the exposed plant tissue. Six clones of each of the two…
Clonal differences in growth and phenolics of willows exposed to elevated ultraviolet-B radiation
Abstract In this study, the effects of elevated ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280–320 nm) radiation on growth and leaf phenolics were evaluated in clones of dark-leaved willow ( Salix myrsinifolia Salisb.) and tea-leaved willow ( Salix phylicifolia L.). Willows were raised for one growing season in an irradiation field, where they were exposed either to a constant 50% increase in UV-B CIE radiation simulating 20–25% ozone depletion or to a small increase in UV-A radiation (320–400 nm). Control willows were grown in the irradiation field under solar radiation (ambient control). Despite the high constitutive concentrations of a UV-absorbing leaf flavonoid, dihydromyricetin, UV-treatments clearly reduc…
Growth and defense in deciduous trees and shrubs under UV-B
Abstract Reflection by waxy or resinous surface structures and hairs, repair reactions of biomolecules and induction of different sheltering components provide the means of plant protection from harmful solar UV-B radiation. Secondary products, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids as defense components are also important in plant tolerance to UV-B, fulfilling the dual role as screens that reduce UV-B penetration in plant tissues, and as antioxidants protecting from damage by reactive oxidant species. Plants are sensitive to UV-B radiation, and this sensitivity can be even more clone-specific than species-specific. The results available in the literature for deciduous trees and shrubs in…