0000000000464226

AUTHOR

Catherine Delaitre

Vers des variétés de légumineuses à graines mieux adaptées à l’alimentation humaine

National audience; Les légumineuses font partie des aliments de l’homme depuis les premiers âges de l’agriculture et sont très présentes dans les repas des pays en développement. Outre un apport en réserves carbonées qui selon les espèces sont à dominante d’amidons ou de lipides, ces graines riches en protéines enrichissent les régimes en acides aminés très complémentaires de ceux des céréales. L’aptitude des racines de légumineuses à établir une symbiose avec des bactéries rhizobiacées qui leur permet d’utiliser l’azote de l’air comme principale ressource d’azote, combinée à une consommation directe par l’homme de ces graines qui permet de diminuer la consommation de viandes, constituent u…

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Genetic diversity of nodulated root structure and nitrogen nutrition in a core collection of pea

Pea (Pisum sativum) is the third most important grain legume worldwide, and the increasing demand for protein-rich raw material for animal feed or human nutrition has led to a greater interest in this crop as a protein source. Moreover, legumes do not need nitrogen (N) fertilizers, thanks to their natural ability to use, as main N resource, the atmospheric N2 from symbiosis in nodules with Rhizobiaceae spp. However, N nutrition can still be a limiting factor of yield and seed quality in legumes because nodules are very sensitive to their local environment, in particular to nitrate, and root systems of N2 fixing legumes are poorly developed, which makes them unable to explore a large soil vo…

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Genetic diversity and trait genomic prediction in a pea diversity panel

Background Pea (Pisum sativum L.), a major pulse crop grown for its protein-rich seeds, is an important component of agroecological cropping systems in diverse regions of the world. New breeding challenges imposed by global climate change and new regulations urge pea breeders to undertake more efficient methods of selection and better take advantage of the large genetic diversity present in the Pisum sativum genepool. Diversity studies conducted so far in pea used Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Retrotransposon Based Insertion Polymorphism (RBIP) markers. Recently, SNP marker panels have been developed that will be useful for genetic diversity assessment and marker-assisted selection. Resu…

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Pea in the genomic era

Pea in the genomic era. Séminaire IFR AIB (Agrobiosciences, Interactions & Biodiversité)

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