0000000000480941
AUTHOR
Bonsignore M. R.
Metabolic Consequences of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
The effects of OSA on metabolism are quite complex, and obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia often coexist with OSA, making it difficult to tease out the independent effects of OSA on metabolic variables. There is firm experimental evidence of a detrimental impact of OSA on adipose tissue dysfunction, with intermittent hypoxia, sympathetic hyperactivity, and oxidative stress as the most important intermediate mechanisms. Sleep fragmentation or deprivation may also contribute to the metabolic dysfunction of OSA. This work reviews the current knowledge on this topic, as well as the results of studies on the effects of CPAP treatment.
Clinical phenotypes and comorbidity in European sleep apnoea patients
PubMed ID: 27701416
Continuing professional development: introducing the ERS International Certificate in Respiratory Sleep Medicine
What is the greatest challenge in the delivery of quality care to respiratory disease patients? Is it lack of resources, avoidable harm to patients, or more complex disease presentation? Healthcare delivery has been in the media spotlight in recent months across many countries and the question of how to deliver safe, effective and efficient care to patients remains at the forefront of political agendas at a national level. Education is the passport to the future and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) is in the unique position of being able to work with the most respected respiratory experts internationally in order to design and deliver educational activities to raise standards of train…
Pathophysiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex disorder characterized by total or partial collapse of the upper airways (UA) during sleep, causing obstructive apneas or hypopneas, respectively. During respiratory events, respiratory efforts occur against the restricted or collapsed upper airway, hypoxia and hypercapnia develop, and sympathetic activation increases. The main symptoms of OSA are intermittent snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. OSA is often associated with obesity, hypertension, and increased cardiovascular risk. Pathophysiological aspects include: anatomical and physiological determinants of UA closure, and immediate and long-term consequences of chronic intermittent hypoxi…