0000000000532878
AUTHOR
V. Di Felice
HSP60 is muscle fiber-type specific and increases after endurance training: Mice model
Heat shock protein (Hsp) 60 plays a key role in the translocation of proteins and cytoprotection, is primarily localized inside mitochondrial, and its levels increase in skeletal muscle upon exercise (Folkesson et al., 2013). The aim of this study was to examine muscle fiber specificity of HSP60 at rest and after an endurance training program of 45 days. Forth-eight male young (7-weeks old) healthy mice (BALB/c) were subdivided into six groups (8 mice per group). Three groups were trained on a rota-rod, at a gradually increasing duration and speed; while the other three groups did not perform any type of regular physical activity. One group of each condition was sacrificed after 15, 30 and …
Presence of Oxytocin, Vasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Their Modification in Rat Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus During Resistance Training
Summary Many studies have demonstrated the physiological effects of oxytocin (OT), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vasopressin (VP) in the homoeostasis of body fluids during physical exercise. However, a little information is available about the related immunohistochemical changes in hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system during and after the training. The aim of the present work was to study the immunohistochemical changes in OT, ANP and VP levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus during and after resistance exercise protocol. Three groups of Wistar rats were trained by a rung ladder protocol for 15, 30 and 45 days, respectively; a fourth group was left to rest for…
Stem cell populations in the heart and the role of Isl1 positive cells
Cardiac progenitor cells are multipotent stem cells isolated from both embryonic and adult hearts in several species and are able to differentiate at least into smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. The embryonic origin of these cells has not yet been demonstrated, but it has been suggested that these cells may derive from the first and secondary heart fields and from the neural crest. In the last decade, two diffe-rent populations of cardiac progenitor or stem cells have been identified and isolated, i.e., the Islet1 positive (Isl1+) and c-Kit positive (c-Kit+)/Stem Cell Antigen-1 positive (Sca-1+) cells. Until 2012, these two populations have been considered two separ…
Upon oxidative stress, the antiapoptotic Hsp60/procaspase-3 complex persists in mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells.
Hsp60, a mitochondrial chaperonin highly conserved during evolution, has been found elevated in the cytosol of cancer cells, both in vivo and in vitro, but its role in determining apoptosis during oxidative stress (OS) has not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of OS on Hsp60 levels and its interactions with procaspase- 3 (p-C3) and p53 in tumor cells. NCI-H292 (mucoepidermoid carcinoma) cells were exposed to various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by Trypan blue and MTT assays. DNA damage was assessed by the Comet assay, and apoptosis was measured by the AnnexinV cytofluorimetric test. Expos…
A comparative analysis of the products of GROEL-1 gene fromChlamydia trachomatisserovar D and the HSP60 var1 transcript fromHomo sapienssuggests a possible autoimmune response
Summary Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D produces large quantities of HSP60-1 during infections, which accumulate inside the host cell inducing autoimmunity. We compare the aminoacid sequences of the human HSP60 with the bacterial counterpart to better elucidate how CTHSP60 may simulate HSP60 from human origin during infection and may induce an autoimmune response. As a result of the comparison we suggest several possible epitopes of the CTHSP60, which may induce autoimmunity.
Acute change of titin at mid-sarcomere remains despite 8 wk of plyometric training
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate skeletal muscle changes induced by an acute bout of plyometric exercise (PlyEx) both before and after PlyEx training, to understand if titin is affected differently after PlyEx training. Methods: Healthy untrained individuals (N=11) completed the 1stPlyEx (10x10 squat-jumps, 1min rest). Thereafter, 6 subjects completed 8 weeks of PlyEx, while 5 controls abstained from any jumping activity. Seven days after the last training session all subjects completed the 2ndPlyEx. Blood samples were collected before, 6 hours and 1, 2, 3 and 4 days after each acute bout of PlyEx, and muscle biopsies 4 days before and 3 days after each acute bout of Pl…
Hsp60 expression in skeletal muscle increase after endurance training
Atrial natriuretic peptide and CD34 overexpression in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathies.
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) is a primary myocardial disease of unknown cause characterized by ventricular chamber enlargement with impaired contractile function. In familial forms of IDCM, mutations of genes coding for cytoskeletal proteins related to force transmission, such as dystrophin, cardiac actin, desmin, and delta-sarcoglycan, have been identified. Here, we report the data of a retrospective investigation carried out to evaluate the expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), CD34, troponin T and nestin in the myocardium of patients affected with IDCM. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded consecutive tissue sections from the ventricular wall of 10 human normal hear…
Effects of three different water temperatures on dehydration in competitive swimmers
Summary Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different water temperatures on physiological responses (dehydration, sweat rate, urine output, rectal temperature and plasma electrolytes) of competitive athletes during a “simulated” race of 5 km in an indoor swimming pool. Methods Nine male competitive master swimmers swam 5 km with the water at temperatures of 23, 27 and 32 C. Immediately before (Pre) and after (Post) each trial, samples of blood and urine were collected, body weight was recorded and rectal temperature was measured. The dehydration percentage and sweat rate were the highest at 32 C and the lowest at 23 C (23 C: −0.9 ± 0.5; 27 C: −1.3 ± 0.6; 32 C…
The apoptotic effects of cisplatin and carboplatin in retinoblastoma Y79 cells.
This study demonstrated that cisplatin and carboplatin stimulate apoptosis in human retinoblastoma Y79 cells, cisplatin being the most effective compound. The apoptotic effect appeared after 8 h and then increased in a time-dependent manner. Treatment with cisplatin and carboplatin also provoked an increase in the level of p53 and p21, and a lowering in Bcl-2. The prolonged exposure of Y79 cells to cisplatin induced resistance to cisplatin, carboplatin and etoposide. The basal level of p53 was in resistant cells higher than in untreated cells, while Bcl-2 was not modified. p53 and Bcl-2 levels did not change after treating of resistant cells with cisplatin, carboplatin or etoposide. However…
Is chlamydial heat shock protein 60 a risk factor for oncogenesis?
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) plays an important role in the protein folding of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Most of the papers published on chlamydial HSP60 concern its role in immune response during infection. In the last decade, exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis has been consistently associated with the development of cervical and ovarian cancer. Moreover, it has been suggested that chlamydial HSP60 may have an anti- apoptotic effect during persistent infection. We hypothesize that the accumulation of exogenous chlamydial HSP60 in the cytoplasm of actively replicating eukaryotic cells may interfere with the regulation of the apoptotic pathway. The concomitant expression of viral onc…
Embryonic and foetal Islet-1 positive cells in human hearts are also positive to c-Kit.
During embryogenesis, the mammalian heart develops from a primitive heart tube originating from two bilateral primary heart fields located in the lateral plate mesoderm. Cells belongings to the pre-cardiac mesoderm will differentiate into early cardiac progenitors, which express early transcription factors which are also common to the Isl-1 positive cardiac progenitor cells isolated from the developing pharyngeal mesoderm and the foetal and post-natal mice hearts. A second population of cardiac progenitor cells positive to c-Kit has been abundantly isolated from adult hearts. Until now, these two populations have been considered two different sets of progenitor cells present in the heart in…