Pediatric second primary malignancies after retinoblastoma treatment

Background Children with retinoblastoma carry a high risk to develop second primary malignancies in childhood and adolescence. This study characterizes the type of pediatric second primary malignancies after retinoblastoma treatment and investigates the impact of different treatment strategies and prognostic factors at presentation. Procedure All national patients treated for retinoblastoma at the German referral center with a current age of 6–27 years were invited to participate in a study to characterize late effects. Results Data on pediatric second primary malignancies were recorded from 488 patients. Ten developed a malignancy before the age of 18 years. For children with heterozygous …