0000000000541691
AUTHOR
Rihem Moujahed
Egg parasitoid attraction toward induced plant volatiles is disrupted by a non-host herbivore attacking above or belowground plant organs.
Plants respond to insect oviposition by emission of oviposition-induced plant volatiles (OIPVs) which can recruit egg parasitoids of the attacking herbivore. To date, studies demonstrating egg parasitoid attraction to OIPVs have been carried out in tritrophic systems consisting of one species each of plant, herbivore host, and the associated egg parasitoid. Less attention has been given to plants experiencing multiple attacks by host and non-host herbivores that potentially could interfere with the recruitment of egg parasitoids as a result of modifications to the OIPV blend. Egg parasitoid attraction could also be influenced by the temporal dynamics of multiple infestations, when the same …
Effect of dual biotic stress on plant volatile synomones used by egg parasitoids
Studies on semiochemical communication have demonstrated that broad bean plant, Vicia faba, emits volatile synomones induced by feeding and oviposition activities of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula, which recruit the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis. However plants growing in agro-ecosystems can be attacked by several herbivore species that could affect both above and belowground plant tissues with possible consequences for parasitoid recruitment. For example, broad bean plants can also be attacked by the leaf weevil, Sitona lineatus, and simultaneous attacks by the southern green stink bug and the leaf weevil can occur in agro- ecosystems. The purpose of this work was to inv…
Effect of dual biotic stress on plant volatile synomones used by an egg parasitoid
Plants respond to arthropod herbivory with the induction of volatiles called herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). These volatiles appear to be important sources of information that attract parasitoids. Parasitic wasps foraging decisions are often affected by community characteristics such as community diversity and complexity. As part of a complex habitat, the presence of unsuitable hosts (non-host) may affect foraging behavior of parasitoids. In this chapter, we outline the importance of the presence of unsuitable herbivores on the behavioral responses of parasitoids. First we review the foraging behavior of parasitoid in tritrophic interaction. Then we focus on foraging behavior by …
Applied Chemical Ecology to Enhance Insect Parasitoid Efficacy in the Biological Control of Crop Pests
The field application of semiochemicals, used by parasitoids to find mates and to locate their hosts, is a promising environmentally sustainable and highly specific pest control strategy and an attractive alternative to the use of pesticides. In this chapter, we first examine research progress dealing with the effect of semiochemical cues on parasitoid foraging strategy. In the second part, we review the possible field applications of these chemical cues to enhance pest control strategies, either through direct pest control or by manipulating parasitoid behaviour. We then consider novel approaches, such as the “attract and reward” strategy, combining semiochemical application and habitat ma…