Surgery of the Cranio-Vertebral Junction: Image Guidance, Navigation, and Augmented Reality

Due to the density of essential, small, and mobile structures, mastering the surgical anatomy of the craniovertebral junction may be extremely challenging. Quality and safety of interventions can be improved using navigation. Currently, patient-specific anatomy preparation, surgical planning, intervention, and quality assessment are disconnected actions performed in different conditions and environments and by multiple team members. The whole process needs to be integrated by surgeons performing the intervention. The complexity of the process exposes to errors and degraded precision. It is therefore relevant to develop tools that reduce the need to extrapolate and simplify the information i…