0000000000546896
AUTHOR
Monika Hermann
Durchimpfungsraten bei Kindern in Deutschland 1999
Hintergrund. Daten aus Einschulungsuntersuchungen sind in Deutschland die einzig verfugbare Information zu Durchimpfungsraten bei Kindern. Diese Erhebung ist fraglich reprasentativ und erlaubt keine Beurteilung “zeitgerechter” Impfungen. Valide Daten zur Vollstandigkeit und zum Zeitpunkt der Impfung wurden deshalb 1999 in einer reprasentativen Stichprobe erhoben. Methode. Der Impfstatus von 837 Kindern wurde in 775 von 1345 bevolkerungsreprasentativen Haushalten mit Kindern unter 3 Jahren per Telefoninterview erfragt. Analysiert wurden Daten von 367 Kindern im Alter von 19–35 Monaten (geb. Juli 1996–November 1997). Berechnet wurden Pravalenzen mit exakten 95%-Konfidenzintervallen zu den Alt…
Haemophilus influenzae type b disease: impact and effectiveness of diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis (-inactivated poliovirus)/H. influenzae type b combination vaccines.
Background. Since 1996 in Germany primary infant immunization against Haemophilus influenzae has been most commonly given in the form of diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis/H. influenzae type b (DTaP/Hib) or diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis (-inactivated poliovirus)/H. influenzae type b (DTaP-IPV/Hib) combination vaccines. These combination vaccines elicit lower anti-Hib antibody concentrations than the equivalent Hib conjugate administered as a separate injection, but the clinical relevance of this phenomenon is unknown. Methods and findings. To assess the impact of DTaP/Hib combination vaccines on the incidence of invasive Hib disease in Germany, two independent s…
Detection of delayed vaccinations: a new approach to visualize vaccine uptake
For the prevention of pertussis and invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections, each with a peak for mortality and serious complications in the first year of life, early vaccination is important and needs adequate monitoring. In a 1999 national coverage survey the timing of uptake of these vaccines in German children was therefore assessed conventionally at defined age thresholds and with a new adaptation of the Kaplan–Meier (KM) method estimating immunization uptake over time by 1 minus the survival function s(t). Only 6% and 9% of children were vaccinated against pertussis and Hib in accordance with the national recommended primary vaccination schedule. Coverage levels for th…