0000000000563018

AUTHOR

Thierry Morvan

Collecte et valorisation « open science » des données de décomposition des litières végétales dans les sols

National audience; La décomposition des litières végétales dans les sols a été largement étudiée notamment en raison de l’importance des processus environnementaux mis en jeu. En effet, le recyclage des biomasses végétales permet tout d’abord d’alimenter la biodiversité microbienne des sols. Ces microorganismes sont essentiels pour la qualité des sols puisque les mécanismes de dégradation dont ils sont à l’origine permettent le bouclage des cycles biogéochimiques en assurant la nutrition minérale des cultures en place. De plus, le recyclage des litières végétales alimente le puits de carbone du sol, ce qui contribue à limiter la teneur en dioxyde de carbone de l’atmosphère impliqué dans le …

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N2O emission in maize-crops fertilized with pig slurry, matured pig manure or ammonium nitrate in Brittany

International audience; N2O is a potent greenhouse gas and solutions have to be sought to reduce its emission from agriculture. This work evaluates N2O emission from maize-crop (Zea mays) fields submitted to different organic or mineral fertilizers (pig slurry, matured pig manure or ammonium nitrate) in Brittany (France). N2O emission was evaluated along a year in two experimental sites receiving 110 or 180 kg N ha−1 as ammonium nitrate or pig slurry and 180 or 132 kg N ha−1 as ammonium nitrate or matured pig manure at Champ Noel and Le Rheu experimental plots, respectively. N2O emission was evaluated by interpolation method of periodic fluxes on the field scale and by simulation with NOE a…

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Des données ouvertes sur la décomposition des litières végétales dans les sols selon divers contextes agronomiques et pédoclimatiques

International audience

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Epandage de matières organiques exogènes : indicateur de potentialité de stockage de carbone dans les sols et définition de classes de disponibilité d'azote

National audience

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Apport de matières organiques exogènes en agriculture: indicateur de potentialité de stockage de carbone dans les sols et définition de classes de disponibilité d’azote

CT3; absent

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Les communautés microbiennes présentes dans différents types de sols ont une réponse variable à l’apport de produits résiduaires organiques

National audience

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Typology of exogenous organic matters based on chemical and biochemical composition to predict potential nitrogen mineralization

Our aim was to develop a typology predicting potential N availability of exogenous organic matters (EOMs) in soil based on their chemical characteristics. A database of 273 EOMs was constructed including analytical data of biochemical fractionation, organic C and N, and results of N mineralization during incubation of soil–EOM mixtures in controlled conditions. Multiple factor analysis and hierarchical classification were performed to gather EOMs with similar composition and N mineralization behavior. A typology was then defined using composition criteria to predict potential N mineralization. Six classes of EOM potential N mineralization in soil were defined, from high potential N minerali…

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Bayesian calibration of the nitrous oxide emission module of an agro-ecosystem model

1. NitroEurope Open Science Conference on Reactive Nitrogen and the European Greenhouse Gas Balance ; Ghent (Belgique) - (2008-02-20 - 2008-02-21) / Conférence; Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the main biogenic greenhouse gas contributing to the global warming potential (GWP) of agro-ecosystems. Evaluating the impact of agriculture on climate therefore requires a capacity to predict N2O emissions in relation to environmental conditions and crop management. Biophysical models simulating the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in agro-ecosystems have a unique potential to explore these relationships, but are fraught with high uncertainties in their parameters due to their variations over time and space. H…

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