0000000000572800
AUTHOR
S. ÁLvarez
Enzymatic cleaning of inorganic ultrafiltration membranes used for whey protein fractionation
Abstract The aim of this work was to study the cleaning of inorganic membranes fouled by whey protein solutions using proteolytic enzymes. Tami ® 150+4T membranes (Tami Industries, S.A., 26110 Nyons, France) of 400 kg/mol molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and a ZrO 2 filtering layer were selected to carry out the tests and Maxatase ® XL (Genencor International, 2333 CN Leiden, The Netherlands) and P3-Ultrasil ® 62 (Henkel Iberica, S.A., 08025 Barcelona, Spain) were investigated as cleaning agents. Cleaning efficiency was observed to be a function of the operating conditions. The operating conditions studied were the pH of the cleaning solution, the enzymatic agent concentration and cleaning t…
Utilization of enzymatic detergents to clean inorganic membranes fouled by whey proteins
In this work inorganic membranes used for whey protein fractionation were cleaned with enzymatic detergents. The inorganic membrane Carbosep ® M1 (Orelis S.A., France), of 150 kg/mol molecular weight cut-off and ZrO2 filtering layer, was used and the commercial detergent P3-Ultrasil ® 62 (Henkel IbS.A., Spain) was selected for the cleaning. Hydraulic and chemical methods were considered to characterize the membrane cleanliness. Cleaning efficiency was observed to be a function of the operating conditions: recycling versus non-recycling of permeate, cleaning solution pH, enzymatic agent concentration and cleaning time. The optimum conditions to perform the cleaning were related to the optimu…
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study
Abstract Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in su…