0000000000670772
AUTHOR
Ying Gao
Validity of long-term and short-term recall of occupational sitting time in Finnish and Chinese office workers
Background As sedentary behavior is a global health issue, there is a need for methods of self-reported sitting assessment. The accuracy and reliability of these methods should also be tested in various populations and different cultural contexts. This study examined the validity of long-term and short-term recall of occupational sitting time in Finnish and Chinese subgroups. Methods Two cohort groups of office-based workers (58.6% female, age range 22–67 years) participated: a Finnish group (FIN, n = 34) and a Chinese group (CHI, n = 36). Long-term (past 3-month sitting) and short-term (daily sitting assessed on 5 consecutive days) single-item measures were used to assess self-reported occ…
Sesterterpenes and macrolide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Aplosporella javeedii.
Abstract Five sesterterpenes (1–5) including two new compounds (1 and 2), as well as a new (6) and a known macrolide (7) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Aplosporella javeedii. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS data as well as by comparison with the literature. Compound 4 and its acetyl derivatives 4a, 4b, 4c which were prepared by acetylation of 4 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y with IC50 values ranging from 6.2 to 12.8 μM, respectively. Moreover, 4a and 4c exhibited also cytotoxicity against human leukemia (Jurkat J16) and lymphoma (Ramos) cell lines. Compound 7 showed strong …
Children’s physical activity and sedentary time compared using assessments of accelerometry counts and muscle activity level
Background This research compared accelerometry (ACC)-derived and muscle electromyography (EMG)-based estimates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time in typical PA tasks and during the daily lives of children. Methods Data was included from two exploratory studies. In Study I, 6–7-year-old children (n = 11, 64% girls) were assessed for eight PA tasks (walking, stair negotiation, climbing, crawling, swinging, balancing, trampoline jumping and a game of tag). In Study II, 7–9-year-old children (n = 14, 38% girls) were assessed for six PA tasks (walking, sitting, static squat, single leg hops, jump for height and standing long jump), and daily PA during one day with and one day without…
Electromyographic evaluation of specific elastic band exercises targeting neck and shoulder muscle activation
Background: Specific strength training at a high intensity is effective in reducing work related neck/shoulder pain. However, it remains to be documented as to which exercises most specifically target neck and shoulder muscles at high activation level while using simple equipment as e.g., elastic bands. We hypothezised that selected exercises would specifically target the respective muscles, as follows: (1) shrugs and reverse flyes: the upper trapezius muscle, (2) cervical extension and lateral flexion: the upper neck extensor muscle, and (3) cervical flexion and rotation: the sternocleidomastoideus muscle. Methods: Eleven healthy males (25.9 ±
Fusaristatins D–F and (7S,8R)-(−)-chlamydospordiol from Fusarium sp. BZCB-CA, an endophyte of Bothriospermum chinense
Abstract Three new lipodepsipeptides, fusaristatins D–F (1–3) and a new α-pyrone derivative, (7S,8R)-(−)-chlamydospordiol (5), together with eight known compounds (4, 6–12) were obtained from solid rice cultures of Fusarium sp. BZCB-CA, an endophyte of the Chinese medicinal plant, Bothriospermum chinense. The planar structures of the new metabolites (1–3, 5) were established by spectroscopic techniques (1D/2D NMR and HRESIMS). Marfey’s method was applied to determine the absolute configuration of 1, while the absolute configuration of 5 was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography analysis in addition to Mosher’s method. Crystallographic data of inflatin C (7) are also supplied he…
Associations of age, body size, and maturation with physical activity intensity in different laboratory tasks in children.
We investigated the associations of age, sex, body size, body composition, and maturity with measures of physical activity (PA) intensity in children. PA intensity was assessed using VO2 as % of VO...
Comparison of Classroom-Based Sedentary Time and Physical Activity in Conventional Classrooms and Open Learning Spaces Among Elementary School Students
European children and adolescents spend most of their daily life and especially their school hours being sedentary which may increase their risk for chronic non-communicable diseases later in life. After the curriculum reform of Finnish basic education in 2014, most of the new or renovated comprehensive schools in Finland incorporate open and flexible classroom designs. Their open learning spaces may provide students opportunities to reduce sedentary behavior during school hours. Thus, waist-worn accelerometers were used to assess classroom-based sedentary time (ST), the number of breaks from sedentary time (BST), and physical activity (PA) among cross-sectional samples of 3rd and 5th grade…
Muscle activity patterns and spinal shrinkage in office workers using a sit–stand workstation versus a sit workstation
Reducing sitting time by means of sit-stand workstations is an emerging trend, but further evidence is needed regarding their health benefits. This cross-sectional study compared work time muscle activity patterns and spinal shrinkage between office workers (aged 24-62, 58.3% female) who used either a sit-stand workstation (Sit-Stand group, n = 10) or a traditional sit workstation (Sit group, n = 14) for at least the past three months. During one typical workday, muscle inactivity and activity from quadriceps and hamstrings were monitored using electromyography shorts, and spinal shrinkage was measured using stadiometry before and after the workday. Compared with the Sit group, the Sit-Stan…
Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness, motor competence, and adiposity in children
We investigated the associations of motor competence (MC) with peak oxygen uptake (V.O-2peak), peak power output (W-max), and body fat percentage (BF%) and whether measures of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) modify the associations between MC and BF%. Altogether, 35 children (aged 7-11 years) in the CHIPASE Study and 297 in PANIC Study (aged 9-11 years) participated in the study. MC was assessed using KTK and modified Eurofit tests. V.O-2peak and W-max were measured by maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and scaled by lean mass (LM) or body mass (BM). BF% was assessed either by bioimpedance (CHIPASE) or DXA (PANIC). MC was not associated with V.O-2peak/LM (standardized regression coe…
Sedentary Thresholds for Accelerometry-Based Mean Amplitude Deviation and Electromyography Amplitude in 7–11 Years Old Children
We investigated the ability of energy expenditure, movement sensing, and muscle activity to discriminate sedentary and non-sedentary activities in children. Thirty-five 7–11-year-old children participated in the study. Simultaneous assessment of oxygen uptake (V̇O2), triaxial accelerometry, and thigh muscle electromyography (EMG) were performed during eight different sedentary and non-sedentary activities including lying down, sitting-, standing-, and walking-related activities, which were performed in a random order. Mean values of V̇O2, accelerometry, and EMG from the concurrent 2 min epochs during each activity were computed. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured during 30 min su…
Associations of fitness, motor competence, and adiposity with the indicators of physical activity intensity during different physical activities in children
We investigated the associations of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak), ventilatory threshold (VT), muscle strength, motor competence (MC), and adiposity with the indicators of PA intensity during different physical activities used to create absolute PA intensity cut-offs among 35 children 7–11-years-of-age. V̇O2peak was defined as the highest V̇O2 achieved in the maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a cycle ergometer, self-paced running, or running on a treadmill at 8 km/h. VT was defined from the CPET data. Peak isometric knee extensor and flexor strength was assessed by a dynamometer, MC by the Körperkoordination test für Kinder tests, and body composition by the bioelectrical impe…
Classroom-based physical activity and teachers’ instructions on students’ movement in conventional classrooms and open learning spaces
AbstractAs a result of educational reforms in many countries, including Finland, new or renovated comprehensive schools have increasingly begun to incorporate open and flexible designs and principles. Multipurpose and adaptable open learning spaces can provide children with amplified opportunities to be physically active during general education. Classroom-based physical activity has been associated with better academic-related outcomes and students’ on-task behaviour, while overall physical activity has been associated with better health. In the present study, we investigated the effects of classroom type, gender and grade level on classroom-based physical activity, and the associations be…
Validity of long-term and short-term recall of occupational sitting time in Finnish and Chinese office workers.
Abstract Background As sedentary behavior is a global health issue, there is a need for methods of self-reported sitting assessment. The accuracy and reliability of these methods should also be tested in various populations and different cultural contexts. This study examined the validity of long-term and short-term recall of occupational sitting time in Finnish and Chinese subgroups. Methods Two cohort groups of office-based workers (58.6% female, age range 22–67 years) participated: a Finnish group (FIN, n = 34) and a Chinese group (CHI, n = 36). Long-term (past 3-month sitting) and short-term (daily sitting assessed on 5 consecutive days) single-item measures were used to assess self-r…
Muscle activity patterns and spinal shrinkage in office workers using a sit–stand workstation versus a sit workstation
Reducing sitting time by means of sit–stand workstations is an emerging trend, but further evidence is needed regarding their health benefits. This cross-sectional study compared work time muscle activity patterns and spinal shrinkage between office workers (aged 24–62, 58.3% female) who used either a sit–stand workstation (Sit–Stand group, n = 10) or a traditional sit workstation (Sit group, n = 14) for at least the past three months. During one typical workday, muscle inactivity and activity from quadriceps and hamstrings were monitored using electromyography shorts, and spinal shrinkage was measured using stadiometry before and after the workday. Compared with the Sit group, the Sit–Stan…
Effects of environmental intervention on sedentary time, musculoskeletal comfort and work ability in office workers
Sit-stand workstations offer a potential strategy to reduce prolonged occupational sitting. This controlled intervention study examined the effects of an environmental intervention on occupational sedentary time, musculoskeletal comfort and work ability, and the usability of sit-stand workstations in office work via a self-reported questionnaire. The intervention group (n = 24) used sit-stand workstations during the 6-month intervention period, and the control group (n = 21) used traditional sitting workstations. The results showed that working at sit-stand workstations can reduce sitting time significantly compared to control workstations (-6.7% vs. 5.0%, p = .019), which is reallocated mo…
Associations of Environmental Features With Outdoor Physical Activity on Weekdays and Weekend Days: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Older People
Background: Physical activity (PA) of higher intensity and longer duration mainly accumulates from older adults' out-of-home activities. Outdoor PA is influenced by environmental features; however, the day-to-day variability of PA and its associations with environmental features have not been widely studied. This study focused on the associations of environmental features with accelerometer-measured PA in older people on weekdays and weekend days. Methods: The study population comprised 167 community-dwelling older people aged 75–90 years. Accelerometers were worn on 7 consecutive days and a structured interview on physical functioning, health, and socioeconomic factors was administered. A …
Associations of age, body size, and maturation with physical activity intensity in different laboratory tasks in children
We investigated the associations of age, sex, body size, body composition, and maturity with measures of physical activity (PA) intensity in children. PA intensity was assessed using VO2 as % of VO2reserve or VO2 at ventilatory threshold (VT), muscle activity measured by textile electromyography, mean amplitude deviation (MAD) measured by accelerometry, and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) during laboratory activities.Age, stature, and muscle mass were inversely associated with VO2 as % of VO2reserve and % of VT, during walking or running on a treadmill for 4, 6, and 8 km/h (Spearman r = -0.645 to -0.358). Age was inversely associated with MAD during walking on treadmill for 4 km/h (r = -…
Effects of low load exercise with and without blood-flow restriction on microvascular oxygenation, muscle excitability and perceived pain
This paper aimed to examine the acute effect of low-load (LL) exercise with blood-flow restriction (LL-BFR) on microvascular oxygenation and muscle excitability of the vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles during a single bout of unilateral knee extension exercise performed to task failure. Seventeen healthy recreationally resistance-trained males were enrolled in a within-group randomized cross-over study design. Participants performed one set of unilateral knee extensions at 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) to task failure, using a LL-BFR or LL free-flow (LL-FF) protocol in a randomized order on separate days. Changes in oxygenation and muscle excitability in VL and VM…
Acute Metabolic Response, Energy Expenditure, and EMG Activity in Sitting and Standing
Purpose While merely standing up interrupts sedentary behavior, it is important to study acute metabolic responses during single bouts of sitting and standing to understand the physiological processes affecting the health of office workers. Methods Eighteen healthy middle-age women 49.4 ± 7.9 yr old (range: 40–64) with a body mass index of 23.4 ± 2.8 kg·m−2 volunteered for this laboratory-based randomized crossover trial where they performed 2 h desk work in either sitting or standing postures after overnight fasting. Muscle activity (normalized to walking at 5 km·h−1), respiratory gas exchange, and blood samples were assessed after glucose loading (75 g). Results Compared with seated work,…
Sit-stand workstations : effects on occupational sitting time, potential health benefits, and acute postural physiology
Given that a high amount of sedentary behavior is a global health issue, reducing sitting time is emerging as a novel intervention strategy and a workplace health priority. Sit-stand workstations have been introduced to the workplace, and can be used to rotate between sitting and standing postures at work. It is important to develop and evaluate sit-stand interventions that aim to induce behavioral changes and potential health benefits, in order to effectively implement them into practice. Therefore, this thesis examined whether and to what extent sit-stand workstations can reduce occupational sitting and improve health indexes in a real workplace. The thesis included four studies in field …
Physical activity accumulation along the intensity spectrum differs between children and adults
Purpose Detailed exploration of physical activity accumulation with fine grading along the intensity spectrum has indicated the potential pragmatic utility of such an approach. However, it is currently unclear what sorts of accumulation patterns along particular intensity bands are found in the children and adult populations. Therefore, we conducted a comparison of activity accumulation in specific intensity bands between four distinct populations: children, adults with sedentary lifestyles, habitual joggers, habitual marathon runners. Methods Free-living waist-worn accelerometry records from 28 children aged 7 to 11, and 61 adults aged 25 to 35 were analysed. Activity intensity was evaluat…
Induction of ambuic acid derivatives by the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis lespedezae through an OSMAC approach
Abstract Ten new ambuic acid derivatives, pestallic acids H–Q including one new iodinated natural product along with two known compounds, ambuic acid and ambuic acid 18-acetate, were obtained through fermentation of the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis lespedezae on solid rice medium with 3.5% NaI. Pestallic acids H–Q were undetectable in cultures of the fungus grown on solid rice medium lacking NaI or in those where NaI had been replaced by NaCl or NaBr. The structures of the new metabolites were established on basis of 1D/2D NMR and HRESIMS data. Their absolute configurations were determined by Mosher’s method and TDDFT-ECD calculations. The compounds failed to show antibacterial activity…
Does SuperPark Make Children Less Sedentary? : How Visiting a Commercial Indoor Activity Park Affects 7 to 12 Years Old Children’s Daily Sitting and Physical Activity Time
Commercial indoor activity parks provide children with a variety of entertaining physical activities. This study examined whether visiting SuperPark affects total daily sitting and physical activity time. The participants (8 girls and 7 boys, aged 10.3 ±
Associations of Environmental Features With Outdoor Physical Activity on Weekdays and Weekend Days: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Older People
Background: Physical activity (PA) of higher intensity and longer duration mainly accumulates from older adults' out-of-home activities. Outdoor PA is influenced by environmental features; however, the day-to-day variability of PA and its associations with environmental features have not been widely studied. This study focused on the associations of environmental features with accelerometer-measured PA in older people on weekdays and weekend days.Methods: The study population comprised 167 community-dwelling older people aged 75–90 years. Accelerometers were worn on 7 consecutive days and a structured interview on physical functioning, health, and socioeconomic factors was administered. A g…
Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Assessed by Acceleration Based on Mean Amplitude Deviation among Older People
Accelerometer-derived estimates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time have been an important methodological focus. However, little is known about the daily activities among older people during their normal lives. Furthermore, some older individuals would like to be more active, yet experience an unmet PA need, which is defined as the desire to engage in more PA but without the opportunity to act on the desire. This study examined the intensity of daily PA and sedentary behavior measured with accelerometers among older people, and whether PA differs between weekdays and weekends and those with and without the experience of unmet PA need, measured with self-reports. A total of 174 comm…
Comparison of Classroom-based Sedentary Time and Physical Activity in Conventional Classrooms and Open Learning Spaces Among Elementary School Students
European children and adolescents spend most of their daily life and especially their school hours being sedentary which may increase their risk for chronic non-communicable diseases later in life. After the curriculum reform of Finnish basic education in 2014, most of the new or renovated comprehensive schools in Finland incorporate open and flexible classroom designs. Their open learning spaces may provide students opportunities to reduce sedentary behavior during school hours. Thus, waist-worn accelerometers were used to assess classroom-based sedentary time (ST), the number of breaks from sedentary time (BST), and physical activity (PA) among cross-sectional samples of 3rd and 5th grade…
CCDC 1968535: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Ni Putu Ariantari, Marian Frank, Ying Gao, Fabian Stuhldreier, Anna-Lene Kiffe-Delf, Rudolf Hartmann, Simon-Patrick Höfert, Christoph Janiak, Sebastian Wesselborg, Werner E.G. Müller, Rainer Kalscheuer, Zhen Liu, Peter Proksch|2021|Tetrahedron|85|132065|doi:10.1016/j.tet.2021.132065
CCDC 1968536: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Ni Putu Ariantari, Marian Frank, Ying Gao, Fabian Stuhldreier, Anna-Lene Kiffe-Delf, Rudolf Hartmann, Simon-Patrick Höfert, Christoph Janiak, Sebastian Wesselborg, Werner E.G. Müller, Rainer Kalscheuer, Zhen Liu, Peter Proksch|2021|Tetrahedron|85|132065|doi:10.1016/j.tet.2021.132065