Suomalaisten maatilojen resilienssi osana tulevaisuuden ruokaturvaa
Artikkelissa tarkastellaan maatilojen asemaa suomalaisen ruokaturvan kontekstissa. Maataloutta voidaan pitää haavoittuvaisena osana elintarvikejärjestelmässä. Sen vuoksi on tärkeää tarkastella sen asemaa kansallisen ruokaturvan takaajana. Selviytyäkseen maatiloilla täytyy olla resilienssiä eli kykyä mukautua väistämättä tapahtuviin muutoksiin. Artikkeli perustuu tutkimukseen, jossa haastateltiin 15 elintarvikejärjestelmän asiantuntijaa. Aineisto analysoitiin teoriasidonnaisella sisällönanalyysillä. Analyysissä on hyödynnetty Darnhoferin jaottelua maatilojen resilienssin ulottuvuuksista. Tutkimuksen tulosten mukaan maatalouden ongelmat liittyvät kannattavuuteen, sukupolvenvaihdosten onnistum…
Responsibilities for just transition to low-carbon societies : a role-based framework
Low-carbon transitions in industrialised societies will have significant social, economic and environmental impacts, raising concerns of justice. Calls for urgent transitions evoke a question about the roles of different actors in advancing transitions and ensuring they are just. While the responsibilities for emission mitigation have been long discussed, responsibilities for making a just transition have not. The question about responsibilities is particularly pressing because of the diverse constellation of actors involved in climate action, including diverse forms of non-state actors from city-level and business alliances to grassroots activists. We examine the responsibilities of state …
Ethics in biodiversity conservation : The meaning and importance of pluralism
Addressing the global extent of the current biodiversity crisis requires engaging with the existence of multiple equally legitimate values, but also with diverse ethical perspectives underpinning conceptions of right and wrong actions. However, western monist positions have mostly explicitly or implicitly directed conservation strategies by defining the space of legitimate arguments, overlooking solutions that do not fit neatly the chosen approaches. As ignoring diverse ethical positions leads to injustices and reduces the potential of conserving biodiversity, there is a need to recognise and navigate the ethical landscape. Ethical pluralism may provide opportunities to do so. However, the …
Suomalaisen ruokaturvan ulottuvuudet : sisällönanalyysi ruokaturvasta julkisissa asiakirjoissa
There has been wide public debate about global food security over the decades. Academic research has mainly focused on developing countries, which are most affected by food insecurity. In this context, only a little attention has been paid to the situation in developed countries like Finland. Contributing to filling this gap, this article studies how food security is understood and contextualized in Finland. Food security is explored by the four commonly used dimensions: 1) access, 2) availability, 3) stability (of supply) and 4) utilization. The research data consists of public reports related to food security as published by the ministries, organizations and research institutes. The analy…
Just transition principles and criteria for food systems and beyond
In this article, we propose a framework of principles and criteria for just transitions in food systems. Climate mitigation activities are urgently needed in food systems, but can have damaging social, environmental, economic, and health impacts. Consequently, food system transitions can cause significant side effects across and beyond food systems, aggravating existing inequalities and unsustainabilities, causing new ones, or hampering equal engagement in the transition itself. Thus, justice questions stand at the core of assessing decarbonization pathways and policies and must link to other sectors as well: Who bears the costs and who enjoys the benefits of the transitions? Can transition…
Reframing Climate Justice : A Three-dimensional View on Just Climate Negotiations
This article proposes reframing the justice discourse in climate negotiations. In so doing, it makes two claims. First, global climate negotiations deserve to be addressed as an issue of justice on their own due to their peculiar characteristics. Second, a multidimensional theory of justice is superior to distributional theories for this task. To support these arguments, I apply the multidimensional theory of justice to global climate negotiations. This analysis reveals that injustice in the negotiations is multidimensional and irreducible to distributional questions. Furthermore, it shows how promoting justice in this broad sense would have significant effect on the negotiation procedures …
Is Broad the New Deep in Environmental Ethics? A Comparison of Broad Ecological Justice and Deep Ecology
I argue in this article that a theory of broad ecological justice or the extended capabilities approach, an interesting approach in contemporary environmental ethics, shares many of its core ideas with deep ecology and Arne Næss’s ecosophy T. The similarities between these approaches include the ambition to address the roots of environmental problems, emphasis on recognition and the criticism of oppressive structures, and a systemic orientation. Acknowledging these similarities illustrates the contemporary value of the deep ecology movement. It also helps to develop the theory of broad ecological justice further, especially in terms of bridging the gap between movements and theoretical disc…
Ajatuksia ilmastoetiikasta
Ajatuksia ilmastoetiikasta, Teea Kortetmäki, Arto Laitinen & Mikko Yrjönsuuri, 4 Ilmastonmuutos yhteiskuntafilosofian ongelmana, Lauri Lahikainen, 21 Ilmastokysymys ja demokraattinen päätöksenteko, Simo Kyllönen, 35 YK:n ilmastokokousten eettiset kysymykset, Teea Kortetmäki, 63 Oikeudenmukaisuus ja vahingonteko ilmastokontekstissa, Teppo Eskelinen, 84 Osallisuusvastuu ilmastonmuutoksesta, Säde Hormio, 103 Ilmaston lämpeneminen, etiikka ja kulttuurikritiikki, Markku Oksanen, 120 Ilmastonmuokkauksen etiikasta, Sanna Joronen, 137 Kirjoittajatiedot, 153
Particularizing Nonhuman Nature in Stakeholder Theory : The Recognition Approach
AbstractStakeholder theory has grown into one of the most frequent approaches to organizational sustainability. Stakeholder research has provided considerable insight on organization–nature relations, and advanced approaches that consider the intrinsic value of nonhuman nature. However, nonhuman nature is typically approached as an ambiguous, unified entity. Taking nonhumans adequately into account requires greater detail for both grounding the status of nonhumans and particularizing nonhuman entities as a set of potential organizational stakeholders with different characteristics, vulnerabilities, and needs. We utilize the philosophical concept of ‘recognition’ to provide a normative under…