0000000000684038
AUTHOR
Sabrina Viau
showing 9 related works from this author
An inflammatory model of dry eye syndrome using scopolamine
2006
International audience
Time Course of Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Scopolamine–Induced Dry Eye Rat Model
2006
International audience; Purpose: : Dry eye syndrome is due to tear secretion deficiency or excessive tear evaporation leading to tear film instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of inflammation and apoptosis in a scopolamine–induced dry eye rat model. Methods: : Osmotic pumps continuously delivering scopolamine (12.5mg/d) were implanted subcutaneously in female Lewis rats for 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 17 and 28 days. During the treatment, the corneal status was assessed by fluorescein impregnation and tears were collected for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) immunoassay. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and the ocular tissues and the lacrimal glands w…
Nutrition for the Eye: Different Susceptibility of the Retina and the Lacrimal Gland to Dietary Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Incorp…
2007
International audience; The purpose of this study was to compare the susceptibility of the retina and the exorbital lacrimal gland to dietary supplies of long-chain omega-3 (omega 3) and omega-6 (omega 6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Male Wistar rats were fed a 5% lipid diet containing: (1) 10% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 7% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or (2) 10% gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), or (3) 10% EPA, 7% DHA and 10% GLA or (4) a balanced diet deprived of EPA, DHA and GLA for 3 months. Lipids were extracted from plasma phospholipids, retina and exorbital lacrimal gland, and fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. Dietary supplementation with EPA and D…
No consequence of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency on the severity of scopolamine-induced dry eye
2008
International audience; Purpose:Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may protect against prevalence of dry eye. This work aimed to evaluate whether a dietary deficiency in omega-3 PUFAs may increase the severity of dry eye in a scopolamine-induced rat model. Methods:Three consecutive generations of Lewis rats were bred under diets deprived of omega-3 PUFAs. Dry eye was experimentally induced by continuous scopolamine delivery in female animals from the third deficient generation and in female Lewis rats fed for three generations with a balanced diet. After 14 days of treatment, the clinical signs of ocular dryness were evaluated in vivo us…
The Exorbital Lacrimal Gland Is 100 Times More Susceptible Than the Retina to Dietary Supplies in Long Chain Omega-6 and Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatt…
2007
International audience; Purpose:: The purpose of this study was to compare the susceptibility of the retina and the exorbital lacrimal gland to dietary supplies in long chain omega-3 (ω3) and omega-6 (ω6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Methods:: Male Wistar rats were fed for 3 months with a 5% lipid-diet containing either: 1) 10% of EicosaPentaenoic Acid (EPA, ω3) and 7% of DocosaHexaenoic Acid (DHA, ω3), 2) 10% of γ-Linolenic Acid (GLA, ω6), 3) 10% of EPA, 7% of DHA and 10% of GLA or 4) a balanced diet deprived from EPA, DHA and GLA. After three months of feeding, lipids were extracted from the retina and the exorbital lacrimal gland and fatty acid composition was determined by ga…
Lipid composition of lacrimal glands in rats: comparison with human lacrimal glands and possible nutritional modulation
2007
International audience; Purpose:: Prostaglandins (PGs) have been found in tears of patients with ocular surface disorders, and are powerful markers of inflammation. The lacrimal gland has been reported to synthesize PGs. Polyunsaturated fatty acids esterified in phospholipids are the precursors of pro- and anti-inflammatory PGs. The aim of this study was to compare the phospholipid content of the lacrimal gland in human and in different rat species. Moreover the changes in fatty acids of the lacrimal glands of Lewis rats were studied after a nutritional intervention. Methods:: Lacrimal glands were excised from Wistar, Sprague-Dawley and Lewis rats (3 month-old) and from Humans 3 to 36 hours…
Anti-inflammatory effects of GLA and EPA on a scopolamine-induced dry eye rat model
2007
International audience; Purpose:: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of dietary γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in a scopolamine-induced dry eye rat model. Methods:: Female Lewis rats were fed with 5%-lipid diets containing 10% of either GLA or EPA. After two months of feeding, we induced dry eye syndrome using scopolamine continuously delivered via osmotic pumps for 2, 10 and 28 days. At the end of the treatment period, we performed fluorescein staining on the cornea. We sacrificed the animals and excised the ocular tissues and the exorbital lacrimal glands. We immunostained MHCII and mucin MUC5AC on ocular sphere cryosectio…
Improvement of dry eye symptoms with polyunsaturated fatty acids
2006
International audience; Purpose: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are involved in inflammatory pathways via prostaglandins. Conjunctival inflammation is a hallmark of all dry eye syndromes. We investigated the role of dietary n–6 and n–3 fatty acids in patients suffering from ocular dryness with peculiar attention to inflammatory markers. Methods: 70 patients presenting with mild to moderate dry eye syndromes were randomly assigned to Nutrilarm® or placebo pills, thrice a day for 6 months. Schirmer test, BUT, fluorescein and lissamin green stainings were performed at inclusion and after 1, 3 and 6 months. Impression cytology to evaluate MHCII antigens was harvested at D0, Month 3 and 6. T…
Approche nutritionnelle de la thérapie du syndrome de l'œil sec : prévention par les acides gras polyinsaturés
2008
Dry eye disease affects 15% of the population over the age of 65. It is characterized mainly by inflammation of the ocular surface (tear film, conjunctiva and cornea) which represents a relevant target for therapeutic strategies. The side effects and long-term intolerance of anti-inflammatory drugs give rise to an increasing interest for dietary components exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In these studies, we developed a scopolamine-induced dry eye model in the rat that mimics changes occurring in Humans suffering from moderate dry eye. We described the time course of clinical signs, inflammation and mucin production loss. We investigated…