Addition of Secondary Amines to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds and Nitriles by Using Microstructured Reactors

Several additions of amines to a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (Michael additions) were performed in a continuous-flow microstructured reactor rig and compared to the respective batch reaction. Dimethylamine/diethylamine/piperidine and acrylic acid ethyl ester/acrylonitrile were employed as two sets of reactants, giving six reactions. Some of these reactions are highly exothermal. Using the traditional batch procedure the olefin must be added quite slowly to the diluted amine to ensure temperature control and safe operation; especially this is necessary for the addition of dimethylamine (40 mass % aqueous solution) to acrylonitrile. Good yields (>85%) are achieved in this way; however…