0000000000708033
AUTHOR
Erkka Heinilä
Exploring EEG recordings of Focused Attention Meditation with Fourier-ICA
Meditaation harjoittamiseen liitetään usein useita terveyshyötyjä. Elektroenkefalografia (EEG)-menetelmällä on mahdollista seurata hermostossa meditaatioistunnon aikana tapahtuvia ajallisia muutoksia. Löydöt tällä alueella antaisivat lisää tietoa erityisesti meditaation aivovasteista, mutta myös yleisempää tietoa aivojen toiminnasta luonnollisissa olosuhteissa. Tässä tutkielmassa käytetään Fourier-ICA:ksi kutsuttua itsenäisten komponenttien analyysin muunnelmaa meditaatioistunnoista saatujen EEG-aineistojen analyysiin ja näytetään että itsenäisten komponenttien analyysiä voi käyttää muuhunkin kuin vain häiriöiden poistamiseen, mikä on sen tavallisin käyttötapaus EEG-tutkimuksissa. Erityises…
Decoding attentional states for neurofeedback : Mindfulness vs. wandering thoughts
Neurofeedback requires a direct translation of neuronal brain activity to sensory input given to the user or subject. However, decoding certain states, e.g., mindfulness or wandering thoughts, from ongoing brain activity remains an unresolved problem. In this study, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to acquire brain activity during mindfulness meditation and thought-inducing tasks mimicking wandering thoughts. We used a novel real-time feature extraction to decode the mindfulness, i.e., to discriminate it from the thought-inducing tasks. The key methodological novelty of our approach is usage of MEG power spectra and functional connectivity of independent components as features underlyin…
Decoding attentional states for neurofeedback Mindfulness vs. wandering thoughts
Abstract Neurofeedback requires a direct translation of neuronal brain activity to sensory input given to the user or subject. However, decoding certain states, e.g., mindfulness or wandering thoughts, from ongoing brain activity remains an unresolved problem. In this study, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to acquire brain activity during mindfulness meditation and thought-inducing tasks mimicking wandering thoughts. We used a novel real-time feature extraction to decode the mindfulness, i.e., to discriminate it from the thought-inducing tasks. The key methodological novelty of our approach is usage of MEG power spectra and functional connectivity of independent components as features …
Physical activity and aerobic fitness show different associations with brain processes underlying anticipatory selective visuospatial attention in adolescents
ABSTRACTUnderlying brain processes of exercise-related benefits on executive functions and the specific contribution of physical activity vs. aerobic fitness are poorly understood, especially during adolescence. We explored whether and how physical activity and aerobic fitness are associated with selective attention and the oscillatory dynamics induced by an anticipatory spatial cue. Further, we studied whether the link between physical exercise level and cognitive control in adolescents is mediated by the task-related oscillatory activity. Magnetoencephalographic alpha oscillations during a modified Posner’s cueing paradigm were measured in 59 adolescents (37 females and 22 males, 12 to 17…
Unsupervised representation learning of spontaneous MEG data with nonlinear ICA
Funding Information: We wish to thank the reviewers and editors for the useful comments to improve the paper a lot. We thank Dr. Hiroshi Morioka for the useful discussion at the beginning of the project. L.P. was funded in part by the European Research Council (No. 678578 ). A.H. was supported by a Fellowship from CIFAR, and the Academy of Finland. The authors acknowledge the computational resources provided by the Aalto Science-IT project, and also wish to thank the Finnish Grid and Cloud Infrastructure (FGCI) for supporting this project with computational and data storage resources. | openaire: EC/H2020/678578/EU//HRMEG Resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) data show complex but stru…
Spectral signatures of cross-modal attentional control in the adolescent brain and their link with physical activity and aerobic fitness levels
AbstractTop–down attentional control seems to increase and suppress the activity of sensory cortices for relevant stimuli and to suppress activity for irrelevant ones. Higher physical activity (PA) and aerobic fitness (AF) levels have been associated with improved attention, but most studies have focused on unimodal tasks (e.g., visual stimuli only). The impact of higher PA or AF levels on the ability of developing brains to focus on certain stimuli while ignoring distractions remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the neural processes in visual and auditory sensory cortices during a cross-modal attention–allocation task using magnetoencephalography in 13–16-year-old adolesce…
PCA-based source-space contrast maps reveal psychologically meaningful individual differences in continuous MEG activity
AbstractWithin the field of neuroimaging, there has been an increasing trend towards studying brain activity in naturalistic conditions, and it is possible to robustly estimate networks of on-going oscillatory activity in the brain. However, not many studies have focused on differences between individuals in on-going brain activity that would be associable to psychological or behavioral characteristics. Existing standard methods can perform well at single-participant level, but generalizing the methodology across many participants is challenging due to individual differences of brains. As an example of a clinically relevant, naturalistic condition we consider here mindfulness. Trait mindful…