0000000000730635
AUTHOR
Simone Scussat
Neutron imaging and tomography: Applications in food science
International audience; Neutron imaging and tomography allow observing the structure of large objects (from few to hundred centimeters) at a resolution around 100 μm. This non-destructive method is based on the detection of the transmission of a neutron beam through an object in 2D (imaging) or 3D after rotating the sample (tomography). The components of the object attenuate the neutron beam differently, depending on their composition, and produce accurate pictures of objects which give information about their structure. Neutron imaging has been used for quality control purposes in industries (aircraft, motor engineering...), but also find application from materials sciences (fuel cells, li…
The impact of cooking on meat microstructure studied by low field NMR and Neutron Tomography
International audience; We studied the impact of temperature of cooking on meat microstructure. The cooking temperature was verified by calorimetry, showing the disappearance of endothermic peaks when cooking temperature was increased. These observations correspond to the denaturation of different protein fractions at specific temperatures. 1H-low field NMR and neutron tomography were used to further understand the relationship between the observed protein denaturation and changes in meat microstructure after heating. Hahn’s echo and solid echo NMR sequences were applied to observe fast relaxation time corresponding to rigid protons. These protons were found to be associated with pools of p…
Identification of markers that can be recognised using spectroscopic sensors and which reflect key stages in the cooking of meat and fish
One of the purposes of the Opticook project is to install spectroscopic sensors in ovens, so equipping them with non intrusive tools allowing following cooking process of meat and fish. The hypothesis on which sensors were developed was: are muscular proteins proper probes to discriminate among several cooking degrees? Thus, at the beginning of the project several tools were used to characterise effect of several cooking degrees on macroscopic properties (texture and colour) of beef, chicken and cod fillet samples. Following, calorimetry and spectroscopic techniques were used to study transformations at molecular scale. In particular, visible spectroscopy followed denaturation of haemprotei…
Protein Thermal Denaturation of Beef Muscle: Neutron Imaging and spectroscopies
International audience; Open Food System is an industrial innovation project having as goal the development of “smart” domestic appliances, which can pilot cooking process of meat and fish without any human intervention. My Ph.D research belongs to that huge project with the purpose to follow the evolution of cooking process at molecular scale, describing biochemical reactions occurring among muscle constituents and associating them to macroscopic characteristics (texture, colour, …). Thermal denaturation of muscle proteins was studied by spectroscopy technics, able to observe their conformational modifications due to the application of several temperature/time conditions. Spectroscopy sign…