Radiance-based NIRv as a proxy for GPP of corn and soybean
Abstract Substantial uncertainty exists in daily and sub-daily gross primary production (GPP) estimation, which dampens accurate monitoring of the global carbon cycle. Here we find that near-infrared radiance of vegetation (NIRv,Rad), defined as the product of observed NIR radiance and normalized difference vegetation index, can accurately estimate corn and soybean GPP at daily and half-hourly time scales, benchmarked with multi-year tower-based GPP at three sites with different environmental and irrigation conditions. Overall, NIRv,Rad explains 84% and 78% variations of half-hourly GPP for corn and soybean, respectively, outperforming NIR reflectance of vegetation (NIRv,Ref), enhanced vege…
Oral peripheral ameloblastoma: A retrospective series study of 25 cases
Background Peripheral ameloblastoma (PA) is a rare and unusual variant of odontogenic tumor, which was described only in isolated case reports in literature. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical profile, treatment and outcome of PA in a consecutive case series. Material and Methods A total of 25 patients with histologically confirmed PA from 2001 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed in our institution. Results Of the 25 patients, 22 males and 3 females were identified (male: female = 7.3:1). The average age was 48.3 years (range 11-81 years) with lingual or palate gingival region being the most common site (76%). The course of disease was less than 6 months in 92.0% …
Les effets du CICE sur l'emploi, les salaires et la R&D: une évaluation ex post
Le Crédit d’Impôt pour la Compétitivité et l’Emploi est l’une des mesures phare du quinquennat de François Hollande. Mis en œuvre à partir de 2013, ce dispositif consiste en un crédit d’impôt d’un montant de 4 % de la masse salariale (6% en 2014) pour tous les salaires jusqu’à 2,5 Smic. Il s’agit d’un dispositif massif pour un coût budgétaire estimé à 11,2 milliards d’euros en 2013. L’objet de cette étude est de proposer une évaluation ex post des effets de ce dispositif sur l’emploi, les salaires et un ensemble d’autres variables caractérisant les réactions des entreprises au crédit d’impôt, notamment leurs marges et leurs comportement d’investissement. Elle repose sur l’exploitation d’un …