0000000000736894
AUTHOR
Markus J. Schwarz
Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Neuropsychopharmacology: Update 2017
AbstractTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the quantification and interpretation of drug concentrations in blood to optimize pharmacotherapy. It considers the interindividual variability of pharmacokinetics and thus enables personalized pharmacotherapy. In psychiatry and neurology, patient populations that may particularly benefit from TDM are children and adolescents, pregnant women, elderly patients, individuals with intellectual disabilities, patients with substance abuse disorders, forensic psychiatric patients or patients with known or suspected pharmacokinetic abnormalities. Non-response at therapeutic doses, uncertain drug adherence, suboptimal tolerability, or pharmacokinetic drug…
Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs
AM Vicente - Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Most psychiatric disorders are moderately to highly heritable. The degree to which genetic variation is unique to individual disorders or shared across disorders is unclear. To examine shared genetic etiology, we use genome-wide genotype data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) for cases and controls in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We apply univariate and bivariate methods for the estimation of genetic variation within and covariation between disorders. SNPs explained 17-29% of the variance in …
Therapeutisches Drugmonitoring in der Psychiatrie
Die Dosis bestimmt die Wirkung eines Arzneistoffs. Diese Gesetzmasigkeit ist seit gut 500 Jahren bekannt. Heute wissen wir es genauer: Die Konzentration am Wirkort bestimmt die Wirkung. Fur therapeutisch erwunschte Wirkungen von Psychopharmaka sind es die Konzentrationen im Gehirn. Da bei gleicher Dosis von Patient zu Patient sehr unterschiedliche Wirkstoffkonzentrationen resultieren konnen und die Konzentration im Blut gut mit den Konzentrationen im Gehirn korrelieren, ist es sinnvoll, die Psychopharmakotherapie durch Messung der Wirkstoffkonzentrationen im Blut zu steuern, durch sog. therapeutisches Drugmonitoring (TDM). Durch TDM konnen Hinweise auf Complianceprobleme, pharmkokinetische …
Biomarkers for Antidepressant Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy: An Exploratory Cerebrospinal Fluid Study
<b><i>Background:</i></b> No candidate biomarkers based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been identified as prognostic factors in patients with major depression treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), yet. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Following different underlying hypotheses, we analysed baseline CSF levels of markers of neurodegeneration (tau proteins, β-amyloids and neurogranin), elements of the innate immune system (interleukin [IL]-6, neopterin, soluble CD14, soluble CD163, migration inhibitory factor and monocyte chemotactic protein 1), endocannabinoids, sphingolipids and Klotho before ECT in patients with depression (<i>n</i>…
Psychiatric genome-wide association study analyses implicate neuronal, immune and histone pathways
G.B. and S.N. acknowledge funding support for this work from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. P.H.L. is supported by US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) grant K99MH101367. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of psychiatric disorders have identified multiple genetic associations with such disorders, but better methods are needed to derive the underlying biological mechanisms that these signals indicate. We sought to identify biological pathways in GWAS data from over 60,000 participants from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. We developed an an…