0000000000746399
AUTHOR
Joanna Sołek-pastuszka
Invitation to participate in a multi-center study for validation of cerebral computed tomography angiography and computed tomography perfusion in the determination of cerebral circulatory arrest during brain death/death by neurological criteria diagnosis procedure in paediatric population below 12 years of age
In recent years commensal microorganisms are not just “passive occupants”, but important element of homeostasis. There are numerous reports documenting the composition and role of the gut, skin or vagina microbiome but the role of commensal organisms living in the lungs is relatively unknown. Pulmonary microbiome impact on the immune response of the host organism and may indicate new therapeutic directions. Lung microbiome, by modulating the expression of innate immunity genes, causes an increase in the concentration of IL-5, IL-10, IFNγ and CCL11, affects the TLR4 dependent response of pulmonary macrophages and modulate the production of antibacterial peptides contained in the mucus. It is…
Potentially Detrimental Effects of Hyperosmolality in Patients Treated for Traumatic Brain Injury
Hyperosmotic therapy is commonly used to treat intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury patients. Unfortunately, hyperosmolality also affects other organs. An increase in plasma osmolality may impair kidney, cardiac, and immune function, and increase blood–brain barrier permeability. These effects are related not only to the type of hyperosmotic agents, but also to the level of hyperosmolality. The commonly recommended osmolality of 320 mOsm/kg H2O seems to be the maximum level, although an increase in plasma osmolality above 310 mOsm/kg H2O may already induce cardiac and immune system disorders. The present review focuses on the adverse effects of hyperosmolality on the function…