The cardinal exercise stopper: Muscle fatigue, muscle pain or perception of effort?

The capacity to sustain high-intensity aerobic exercise is essential for endurance performance. Therefore, it is important to understand what is the factor limiting time to exhaustion (TTE) in healthy and fit adults. In Study 1, maximal voluntary cycling power (MVCP) was measured in 11 volunteers before and immediately after a high-intensity TTE test on cycle ergometer. Cadence was 60 rpm in both the MVCP and TTE tests. Despite a 35% loss in MVCP, power produced during the final MVCP test (mean ± SD 469 ± 111 W) was significantly higher than the power required by the TTE test (269 ± 55 W) (P < 0.001). In Study 2, 12 participants performed a cold pressor test (CPT) to the limit of tolerance …

Hs-cTnT levels in professional soccer players throughout a season: No evidence of sustained cardiac damage

a Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (“i + 12”), Madrid, Spain b Research Institute “Dr. Vina Giner”, Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Martir, Valencia, Spain c School of Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Martir, Valencia, Spain d Human Performance Laboratory, MAPEI Sport Research Center, Italy e Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain f Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy g Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Academic Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy

Association between physical fitness and mean platelet volume in professional soccer players.

Adropin and apelin fluctuations throughout a season in professional soccer players: Are they related with performance?

Myokines are likely to be involved in the whole-body metabolic adaptive changes that occur in response to regular exercise. We aimed to investigate the association of the two myokines (adropin and apelin) with physical performance in professional soccer players. To this purpose, we analyzed the fluctuations of circulating levels of both adropin and apelin in professional soccer players during a season and evaluated the possible association of these myokines with the performance level. Creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity as well as iron, transferrin and high-sensitivity C-Reactive protein (hsCRP), ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), free testosterone/cort…

Physical demands during 3×3 international male and female basketball games are partially impacted by competition phase but not game outcome

Despite the increased popularity and number of international competitions for 3 × 3 basketball, the precise physical demands of this sport are not well described. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the physical demands of 3 × 3 basketball games according to game outcome and competition phase. Following an observational design, video footage from 27 games were analysed from 104 international 3 × 3 basketball players (n = 52 male and n = 52 female players) belonging to 26 national teams (n = 13 male and n = 13 female teams) during the 2019 FIBA 3 × 3 World Cup. Manual frame-by-frame time-motion analyses were conducted to determine the relative frequency (n · min−1) and duration (% of liv…

Alpha-amylase serum levels in professional soccer players are not related with physical fitness.

Backgorund Recent evidence has showed that serum or salivary values of α-amylase predict endurance running performance. In this study we investigate whether serum α-amylase concentration may be associated with training status during a competitive season and after a detraining period in professional soccer players. Methods The study population consisted in 15 male professional soccer players from an Italian major league team (age [mean±SD] 27±5 years, weight 76.9±4.1 kg, height 1.82±0.05 m). Serum α-amylase levels were measured 3 times during the last part of a competitive season (January, March and May) and just before preseason training (July). Results Metabolic and cardiovascular fitness …