0000000000862929
AUTHOR
M Schütz
Kombiniertes Simulationstraining: Ein neues Kurskonzept trainiert und verbessert das Krisenmanagement der gastroenterologischen Endoskopie
Introduction Crisis management as well as realistic emergency situations can be trained in the new developed simulation workshop "Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Crisis Resource Management" by combining a full-scale simulator and the Erlanger Endoscopy Trainer. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficiency of the newly developed simulation workshop. Methods Endoscopists with more than 12 months experience can train their endoscopic skills and crisis resource management with the help of different simulators. In addition, two different scenarios (GI bleeding with significant blood loss and sedation overdoses) embedded in a realistic surrounding (emergency room) have to be managed…
Blockade of interleukin 6 trans signaling suppresses T-cell resistance against apoptosis in chronic intestinal inflammation: Evidence in Crohn disease and experimental colitis in vivo
The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 (refs. 1-5) can bind to cells lacking the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) when it forms a complex with the soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) (trans signaling). Here, we have assessed the contribution of this system to the increased resistance of mucosal T cells against apoptosis in Crohn disease (CD), a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. A neutralizing antibody against IL-6R suppressed established experimental colitis in various animal models of CD mediated by type 1 T-helper cells, by inducing apoptosis of lamina propria T cells. Similarly, specific neutralization of sIL-6R in vivo by a newly designed gp130-Fc fusion protein caused suppr…
Functional relevance of soluble TNF-alpha, transmembrane TNF-alpha and TNF-signal transduction in gastrointestinal diseases with special reference to inflammatory bowel diseases.
As a result of extensive clinical and basic research, the pivotal role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has now generally been acknowledged. This has led to promising clinically effective anti-TNF-strategies. Of note, there is more and more evidence that TNF seems to play a key role in other gastrointestinal diseases including Helicobacter pylori infection, pancreatitis, viral hepatitis and toxic liver damage, too. The action of TNF at the cellular level is mediated by two cell surface receptors, TNF-R1 (p60) and TNF-R2 (p80). The function of these receptors and the downstream intracellular signal t…