0000000000893982
AUTHOR
Lucie Meyer
New polymorphic markers for genetic diversity studies in an invasive plant: the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
Common ragweed is an annual herb that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is known as an invasive plant originating from the USA. In France the common ragweed is especially abundant in the Rhône-Alpes basin and currently spreads northwards in Burgundy. Ragweed colonizes different types of environments, such as railways, river sides, wastelands, farmlands and cultivated crops (especially sunflowers crops). Herbicide resistance to linuron, glyphosate and/or acetolactate synthase inhibitors has been reported in the USA, which complicates the chemical control of ragweed. In addition, the highly allergenic pollen of ragweed causes severe allergies. These elements make this plant a major threat …
Les ambroisies annuelles (Ambrosia artemisiifolia et Ambrosia trifida) : réponse adaptative au désherbage chimique et connectivité des populations dans les paysages agricoles
The primary aim of this work was to study the risk of resistance evolution to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides in mugwort (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) through four points: (i) selection pressure (study of the efficacy of a range of ALS-inhibiting herbicides), (ii) the adaptive response capacity of the weed (determination of the variation in sensitivity to ALS inhibitors between plants and implementation of a recurrent selection programme), (iii) a field study (search for resistance to ALS inhibitors in the field in France), (iv) the study of resistance mechanisms (target-linked - TLR - and non-target-linked - NLR - by a transcriptomics approach). The second objective was to…
A whole-transcriptome approach to unravel non-target-site-based resistance to ALS inhibitors in Ambrosia artemisiifolia
International audience; Non-target-site-resistance (NTSR) to herbicides is a major cause for chemical control failure in a number of weeds. Studies investigating NTSR essentially considered grass weeds. Here, we investigated the transcriptomic bases of NTSR to ALS inhibitors in the global, allergenic weed Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Our objectives were to establish a transcriptome resource for A. artemisiifolia and to use a comparative, quantitative transcriptome sequencing approach (RNA-Seq) to identify candidate NTSR genes in this species. Using the PacBio sequencing technology that generate long sequence reads, a transcriptome resource was obtained from the apical part of one 4-leaf plant, …
Résistances aux herbicides : les estivales en force !
Contexte - Des cas de moindre efficacité de désherbage à base d’herbicides inhibiteurs de l’ALS ont été signalés en cultures de printemps. Des tests ont été réalisés pour savoir s’il s’agit de résistances et, si oui, dues à quel mécanisme. PSD sur maïs - Cinq populations de graminées estivales (deux de panic pied-de-coq, une de sétaire verte, deux de digitaire sanguine) ont été prélevées dans des parcelles de maïs où le désherbage n’avait pas donné satisfaction. Des plantes résistantes ont été identifiées dans toutes ces populations. Le mécanisme a été identifié. Il s’agit dans tous les cas de RNLC, résistance non liée à la cible. Ambroisie - Une dizaine de populations d’ambroisie à feuille…