Paper vs. Pixel: Can We Use a Pen-and-Paper Method to Measure Athletes' Implicit Doping Attitude?

Doping attitude is an individual’s subjective evaluation (e.g., good or bad, useful or useless) toward the use of prohibited performance-enhancing substances or methods in sports. Research on doping attitude has traditionally relied on self-report questionnaire methods to measure the construct (Ntoumanis et al., 2014; Chan et al., 2015). However, as doping in sport is illegal (World AntiDoping Agency, 2015) and perceived as socially unacceptable, athletes who hold positive attitudes toward doping are less likely to reveal them to others. As a result explicit measures of doping attitude are susceptible to potential bias as athletes may respond in a socially desirable fashion (Petróczi and Ai…

Is unintentional doping real, or just an excuse?

Although some athletes who engage in doping do so willingly in order to gain an unfair advantage (ie, ‘to cheat’), the possibility of athletes doping inadvertently or unintentionally cannot be discounted. In this article, we aim to address common misconceptions of the notion of ‘unintentional doping’, and discuss this topic with reference to statistics, reports and recommendations (eg, anti-doping codes) produced by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), together with evidence from recent empirical research. Unintentional doping (also known as ‘inadvertent’ or ‘accidental’ doping) refers to the accidental consumption of performance-enhancing substances included on WADA’s banned list.1 It ofte…

Is unintentional doping real, or just an excuse?

Psychological processes of ACL-patients' post-surgery rehabilitation : A prospective test of an integrated theoretical model

Objectives: The aim of this prospective study was to examine the utility of an integrated model comprising constructs from self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting adherence to a post-surgery rehabilitation program in patients receiving anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Constructs of the integrated model measured at baseline were expected to predict patients' rehabilitation adherence two months later. Method: Patients (N = 121, M age = 27.62, range = 18–53; 36.66% female) scheduled to have ACL reconstruction surgery within two months were recruited from a Hong Kong public hospital. At baseline and two-month follow-up, patients com…

Social psychological aspects of ACL injury prevention and rehabilitation: An integrated model for behavioral adherence

Managing rehabilitation for ACL injury is dependent on uptake of, and compliance with, medical and safety recommendations. In this paper, we propose a multi-theory model that integrates self-determination theory and the theory of planned behavior to identify the motivational determinants ACL injury prevention and management behaviors and the processes involved. nonPeerReviewed